Scheier MF, Carver CS: Optimism, coping, and health: assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychol. 1985, 4: 219-247. 10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Haatainen K, Tanskanen A, Kylmä J, Honkalampi K, Koivumaa-Honkanen H, Hintikka J, Viinamäki H: Factors associated with hopelessness: a population study. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2004, 50: 142-152. 10.1177/0020764004040961.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Anda R, Williamson D, Jones D, Macera C, Eaker E, Glassman A, Marks J: Depressed affect, hopelessness, and the risk of ischemic heart disease in a cohort of U.S. adults. Epidemiology. 1993, 4: 285-294. 10.1097/00001648-199307000-00003.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Everson SA, Goldberg DE, Kaplan GA, Cohen RD, Pukkala E, Tuomilehto J, Salonen JT: Hopelessness and risk of mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction and cancer. Psychosom Med. 1996, 58: 113-121.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Everson SA, Kaplan GA, Goldberg DE, Salonen R, Salonen JT: Hopelessness and 4-year progression of carotid atherosclerosis. The Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997, 17: 1490-1495.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Everson SA, Kaplan GA, Goldberg DE, Salonen JT: Hypertension incidence is predicted by high levels of hopelessness in Finnish men. Hypertension. 2000, 35: 561-267.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Stern SL, Dhanda R, Hazuda HP: Hopelessness predicts mortality in older Mexican and European Americans. Psychosom Med. 2001, 63: 344-351.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Haatainen KM, Tanskanen A, Kylma J, Honkalampi K, Koivumaa-Honkanen H, Hintikka J, Antikainen R, Viinamaki H: Stable hopelessness and its predictors in a general population: a 2-year follow-up study. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2003, 33: 373-380. 10.1521/suli.33.4.373.25237.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM, Salonen JT, Niskanen LK, Rauramaa R, Lakka TA: Low levels of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness predict development of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care. 2002, 25: 1612-1618. 10.2337/diacare.25.9.1612.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lakka TA, Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM, Mannikko N, Niskanen LK, Rauramaa R, Salonen JT: Sedentary lifestyle, poor cardiorespiratory fitness, and the metabolic syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003, 35: 1279-1286. 10.1249/01.MSS.0000079076.74931.9A.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Laaksonen DE, Lindström J, Lakka TA, Eriksson JG, Niskanen L, Wikström K, Aunola S, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Laakso M, Valle TT, Ilanne-Parikka P, Louheranta A, Hämäläinen H, Rastas M, Salminen V, Cepaitis Z, Hakumäki M, Kaikkonen H, Härkönen P, Sundvall J, Tuomilehto J, Uusitupa M: Finnish diabetes prevention study. Physical activity in the prevention of type 2 diabetes: the Finnish diabetes prevention study. Diabetes. 2005, 54: 158-165. 10.2337/diabetes.54.1.158.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Berlin JA, Colditz GA: A meta-analysis of physical activity in the prevention of coronary heart disease. Am J Epidemiol. 1991, 134: 232-234.
Google Scholar
Lakka TA, Venalainen JM, Rauramaa R, Salonen R, Tuomilehto J, Salonen JT: Relation of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness to the risk of acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1994, 330: 1549-1554. 10.1056/NEJM199406023302201.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Penedo FJ, Dahn JR: Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2005, 18: 189-193. 10.1097/00001504-200503000-00013.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tolmunen T, Laukkanen JA, Hintikka J, Kurl S, Viinamaki H, Salonen R, Kauhanen J, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT: Low maximal oxygen uptake is associated with elevated depressive symptoms in middle-aged men. Eur J Epidemiol. 2006, 21: 701-706. 10.1007/s10654-006-9038-5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Thirlaway K, Benton D: Participation in physical activity and cardiovascular fitness have different effects on mental health and mood. J Psychosom Res. 1992, 36: 657-665. 10.1016/0022-3999(92)90055-7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hassmen P, Koivula N, Uutela A: Physical exercise and psychological well-being: a population study in Finland. Prev Med. 2000, 30: 17-25. 10.1006/pmed.1999.0597.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Strawbridge WJ, Deleger S, Roberts RE, Kaplan GA: Physical activity reduces the risk of subsequent depression for older adults. Am J Epidemiol. 2002, 156: 328-334. 10.1093/aje/kwf047.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Farmer ME, Locke BZ, Moscicki EK, Dannenberg AL, Larson DB, Radloff LS: Physical activity and depressive symptoms: the NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1988, 128: 1340-1351.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Camacho TC, Roberts RE, Lazarus NB, Kaplan GA, Cohen RD: Physical activity and depression: evidence from the Alameda County Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1991, 134: 220-231.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wiles NJ, Haase AM, Gallacher J, Lawlor DA, Lewis G: Physical activity and common mental disorder: results from the Caerphilly study. Am J Epidemiol. 2007, 165: 946-954. 10.1093/aje/kwk070.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lakka TA, Salonen JT: Intra-person variability of various physical activity assessments in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Int J Epidemiol. 1992, 21: 467-472. 10.1093/ije/21.3.467.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roberts RE, O'Keefe SJ: Sex differences in depression re-examined. J Health Soc Behav. 1981, 22: 394-400. 10.2307/2136680.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kaplan GA, Roberts RE, Camacho TC, Coyne JC: Psychosocial predictors of depression: prospective evidence from the Human Population Laboratory Studies. Am J Epidemiol. 1987, 125: 206-220.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ: Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med. 1998, 15: 539-553. 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199807)15:7<539::AID-DIA668>3.0.CO;2-S.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Laaksonen DE, Niskanen L, Nyyssönen K, Punnonen K, Tuomainen T-P, Valkonen V-P, Salonen R, Salonen JT: C-reactive protein and development of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes in middle-aged men. Diabetologia. 2004, 47: 1403-1410. 10.1007/s00125-004-1472-x.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Laaksonen DE, Lakka HM, Niskanen LK, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT, Lakka TA: Metabolic syndrome and development of diabetes mellitus: application and validation of recently suggested definitions of the metabolic syndrome in a prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol. 2002, 156: 1070-1077. 10.1093/aje/kwf145.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
National Cholesterol Education Program: Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Jama. 2001, 285: 2486-2497. 10.1001/jama.285.19.2486.
Article
Google Scholar
Lynch JW, Kaplan GA, Cohen RD, Kauhanen J, Wilson TW, Smith NL, Salonen JT: Childhood and adult socioeconomic status as predictors of mortality in Finland. Lancet. 1994, 343: 524-527. 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91468-0.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. 1996, Atlanta, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
Google Scholar
Haatainen KM, Tanskanen A, Kylma J, Antikainen R, Hintikka J, Honkalampi K, Koivumaa-Honkanen H, Viinamaki H: Life events are important in the course of hopelessness-a 2-year follow-up study in a general population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2003, 38: 436-441. 10.1007/s00127-003-0660-1.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bouchard C, Rankinen T: Individual differences in response to regular physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001, 33: 446-453. 10.1097/00005768-200105001-01273.
Article
Google Scholar
Astrand P-O, Rodahl K: Psychological Bases of Exercise. Textbook of Work Physiology. 1986, Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 756-3
Google Scholar