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  1. Poverty increases the risk of cardiac disease, while diminishing the resources available to mitigate that risk. Available prevention programs often require resources that low-income residents of urban areas do...

    Authors: Rachel S. Kirzner, Inga Robbins, Meghan Privitello and Marianne Miserandino

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:504

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  2. Governments worldwide recommended unprecedented measures to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As pressure mounted...

    Authors: Mark É. Czeisler, Mark E. Howard, Rebecca Robbins, Laura K. Barger, Elise R. Facer-Childs, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam and Charles A. Czeisler

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:503

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is one of the most important types of cholesterol and has an impact on health. Certain lifestyle and dietary habits in different populations may leads to increased l...

    Authors: Niwed Kullawong, Tawatchai Apidechkul, Panupong Upala, Ratipark Tamornpark, Vivat Keawdounglek, Chanyanut Wongfu, Fartima Yeemard, Siriyaporn Khunthason and Chalitar Chomchoei

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:498

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Chronic diseases are responsible for over 70% of all deaths globally. While some self-management programs have been shown to be efficacious in preventing or altering trajectories for some chronic conditions, s...

    Authors: Magali Girard, Janusz Kaczorowski, Marie-Thérèse Lussier and Vivianne Martin

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:497

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Impaired self-rated health (SRH) and self-esteem (SE) in adolescents are associated with increased body mass index (BMI). These associations are often studied using cross-sectional designs; we performed a long...

    Authors: Eivind Meland, Hans Johan Breidablik, Frode Thuen and Gro Beate Samdal

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:496

    Content type: Research article

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  7. It is unclear to what degree acutely violating bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurement assumptions will alter the predicted percent fat mass (%FM) and whether this differs by sex or body mass index ...

    Authors: Arshdeep K. Randhawa, Veronica Jamnik, Michael D. T. Fung, Adam S. Fogel and Jennifer L. Kuk

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:495

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Screening, condom use and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) are among existing HIV prevention strategies. However, efficient use of these strategies requires that patients have an adequate knowledge of HIV trans...

    Authors: Christelle Duteil, Elise de La Rochebrochard, Prescillia Piron, Christophe Segouin and Pénélope Troude

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:494

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Early detection of prehypertension is important to prevent hypertension-related complications, such as cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Data regarding the prevalence of ...

    Authors: Aida Lydia, Siti Setiati, Czeresna Heriawan Soejono, Rahmi Istanti, Jessica Marsigit and Muhammad Khifzhon Azwar

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:493

    Content type: Research article

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  11. In Bangladesh, a poorly functioning national system of registering deaths and determining their causes leaves the country without important information on which to inform health programming, particularly for t...

    Authors: Md. Toufiq Hassan Shawon, Shah Ali Akbar Ashrafi, Abul Kalam Azad, Sonja M. Firth, Hafizur Chowdhury, Robert G. Mswia, Tim Adair, Ian Riley, Carla Abouzahr and Alan D. Lopez

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:491

    Content type: Research article

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  12. It is now 25 years since the adoption of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and the same concerns raised during its negotiations such as high prices of medicines, ma...

    Authors: Marion Motari, Jean-Baptiste Nikiema, Ossy M. J. Kasilo, Stanislav Kniazkov, Andre Loua, Aissatou Sougou and Prosper Tumusiime

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:490

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Self-rated health (SRH) has been frequently used in population health surveys. However, most of these studies only focus on specific factors that might directly affect SRH, so only partial or confounding infor...

    Authors: Yajie Li, Qucuo Nima, Bin Yu, Xiong Xiao, Peibin Zeng, Deji Suolang, Ruifeng He, Zhuoga Ciren, Pingcuo Wangqing, Ciren Laba, Yangzong Silang, Ling Song, Yixi Kangzhu and Jingzhong Li

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:489

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) remains a public health concern due to the high morbidity and mortality rates from the disease. The DR-TB is a multifaceted illness with expensive treatment regimens, toxic medications a...

    Authors: Lesley-Ann Lynnath Cannon, Kelechi Elizabeth Oladimeji and Daniel Ter Goon

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:488

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Africans pour dirty water around their houses which constitutes aquatic habitats (AH). These AH are sought by mosquitoes for larval development. Recent studies have shown the effectiveness of destroying AH aro...

    Authors: Paul Layie, Vivient Corneille Kamla, Jean Claude Kamgang and Yves Emvudu Wono

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:487

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) is an anthropometric index associated with visceral adiposity. It remains unclear whether SAD and its socio-economic correlates differ in women and men, which limits the epide...

    Authors: Chang Li, Marcelline Harris, Dennis Tsilimingras, Sophia Z. Liu, Ying Sheng and Xuefeng Liu

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:486

    Content type: Research article

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  17. The purpose of this study was to: 1) examine the maintenance of Physical Education and physical activity during the distance learning time, 2) determine the resources educators are utilizing to deliver PE curr...

    Authors: Andjelka Pavlovic, Laura F. DeFina, Breanna L. Natale, Shelby E. Thiele, Timothy J. Walker, Derek W. Craig, Georgina R. Vint, David Leonard, William L. Haskell and Harold W. Kohl

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:485

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  18. Characterising the size and distribution of the population at risk of severe COVID-19 is vital for effective policy and planning. Older age, and underlying health conditions, are associated with higher risk of...

    Authors: Jemma L. Walker, Daniel J. Grint, Helen Strongman, Rosalind M. Eggo, Maria Peppa, Caroline Minassian, Kathryn E. Mansfield, Christopher T. Rentsch, Ian J. Douglas, Rohini Mathur, Angel Y. S. Wong, Jennifer K. Quint, Nick Andrews, Jamie Lopez Bernal, J. Anthony Scott, Mary Ramsay…

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:484

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  19. The reproductive health and Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programs in Iran were integrated as a pilot project in September 2014. This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluatio...

    Authors: Parvin Afsar Kazeroni, Mohammad Mehdi Gouya, Mandana Tira, Maryam Sargolzaiie, Sana Eybpoosh, Zahra Majdfar, Bushra Zareie, Mohammad Aziz Rasouli and Ebrahim Ghaderi

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:483

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  20. Quarantine has been adopted as a key public health measure to support the control of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in many countries Uganda adopted institutional quarantine for individuals suspec...

    Authors: Rawlance Ndejjo, Gloria Naggayi, Ronald Tibiita, Richard Mugahi and Simon P. S. Kibira

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:482

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  22. The physical activity-environment relationship has been infrequently investigated in Chinese children. Reliable and valid environmental measures specific to the age group and the local context are crucial for ...

    Authors: Gang He, Wendy Huang, Jo Salmon and Stephen H. S. Wong

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:480

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  23. Inconsistencies are evident in definitions and interpretations of theory, application of theory, and reporting of theory use within the behaviour change field impeding cumulative knowledge advancement. Standar...

    Authors: Taylor Willmott and Sharyn Rundle-Thiele

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:479

    Content type: Correspondence

    Published on:

  24. HIV affects many adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in South Africa. Given the bi-directional HIV and mental health relationship, mental health services may help prevent and treat HIV in this population. ...

    Authors: Nondumiso Mthiyane, Guy Harling, Natsayi Chimbindi, Kathy Baisley, Janet Seeley, Jaco Dreyer, Thembelihle Zuma, Isolde Birdthistle, Sian Floyd, Nuala McGrath, Frank Tanser, Maryam Shahmanesh and Lorraine Sherr

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:478

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  25. Temporal discounting, the tendency of individuals to discount future costs and benefits relative to the present, is often associated with greater engagement in risky behaviors. Incentives such as conditional c...

    Authors: Jessica Londeree Saleska, Abigail Norris Turner, Maria F. Gallo, Abigail Shoben, Bienvenu Kawende, Noro Lantoniaina Rosa Ravelomanana, Harsha Thirumurthy and Marcel Yotebieng

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:477

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is a recognised public health, social and educational issue, which must be achieved to allow the realisation of human rights. People with disabilities are likely to experienc...

    Authors: Jane Wilbur, Shubha Kayastha, Thérèse Mahon, Belen Torondel, Shaffa Hameed, Anita Sigdel, Amrita Gyawali and Hannah Kuper

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:476

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  27. Overweight and obesity are major public health problems worldwide, with projections suggesting a proportional increase in the number of affected individuals in developing countries by the year 2030. Evidence-b...

    Authors: Larissa Pone Simo, Valirie Ndip Agbor, Francine Zeuga Temgoua, Leo Cedric Fosso Fozeu, Divine Tim Bonghaseh, Aimé Gilbert Noula Mbonda, Raymond Yurika, Winfred Dotse-Gborgbortsi and Dora Mbanya

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:475

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  28. Globally COVID-19 has had a profound impact on the psychological wellbeing of millions of people, and there is an urgent imperative to address elevated levels of distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Worl...

    Authors: Dharani Keyan, Katie Dawson, Suzanna Azevado, Srishti Yadav, Jenny Tran and Richard A. Bryant

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:474

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  29. Venezuela is in the throes of a complex humanitarian crisis that is one of the worst in decades to impact any country outside of wartime. This case analysis describes the challenges faced by the ongoing Maraca...

    Authors: Gladys E. Maestre, Rosa V. Pirela, Carmen L. Paz, Jesus D. Melgarejo, Luis J. Mena, Carlos A. Chavez, Reinier Leendertz, Michele Petitto, Eglé Silva, Gustavo E. Calmón, Lama Al-Aswad, Joseph H. Lee and Joseph D. Terwilliger

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:473

    Content type: Research in practice

    Published on:

  30. In Palestine, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing health concern. This study evaluated knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients with T2DM with regard to their disease. The study also inve...

    Authors: Ramzi Shawahna, Saed Samaro and Zaid Ahmad

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:472

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  31. Although the number of existing cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China has been decreasing since late February 2020, the number of confirmed cases abroad is surging. Improving public knowledge o...

    Authors: Yu Liu, Dan Wang, Hao Xu, Ying Xiao, Cui Chen, Ru-Nan Chen, Liang-Hao Hu and Zhao-Shen Li

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:471

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  32. Sexual reproductive health communication between parents and children has been shown to promote safer sexual choices. In many South African households, third-generation female caregivers, often grandmothers or...

    Authors: Jane E. Simmonds, Charles D. H. Parry, Fareed Abdullah, Nadine Harker Burnhams and Nicola Christofides

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:470

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. In France, like in most developed countries, the number of road accident fatalities is estimated from police data. These estimates are considered to be good-quality, unlike estimates of road injuries admitted ...

    Authors: Anthony Zullo, Maxime Large, Emmanuelle Amoros and Jean-Louis Martin

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:469

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  34. Leaders in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are exposed to increased stress as a result of a range of challenges. Moreover, they rarely have the opportunity to participate in stress management trainin...

    Authors: J. A. M. Lehmann, E. Schwarz, Z. Rahmani Azad, S. Gritzka, T. Seifried-Dübon, M. Diebig, M. Gast, R. Kilian, U. Nater, M. Jarczok, F. Kessemeier, S. Braun, E. Balint, E. Rothermund, F. Junne, P. Angerer…

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:468

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  35. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. Many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Uganda inclusive, implemented lockdowns, curfew, banning of both private and public transp...

    Authors: Elizabeth Katana, Bob Omoda Amodan, Lilian Bulage, Alex R. Ario, Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo, Robert Colebunders and Rhoda K. Wanyenze

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:467

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. The high prevalence and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have made it the most important health and social challenge around the world. However, this disease can be largely prevented by adherenc...

    Authors: Roghayeh Ezati Rad, Shokrollah Mohseni, Hesamaddin Kamalzadeh Takhti, Mehdi Hassani Azad, Nahid Shahabi, Teamur Aghamolaei and Fatemeh Norozian

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:466

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Monitoring factors related to hormonal contraception (HC) use is essential to evaluating public health strategies and promoting access to contraception. We aimed to examine municipal social and health indicato...

    Authors: Elena Toffol, Oskari Heikinheimo, Anna But, Antti Latvala, Timo Partonen and Jari Haukka

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:465

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  38. The proportion of elderly individuals is increasing globally. They should be well cared for to enable them to enjoy their full lifespans. Good health is a vital component of one’s overall quality of life. Our ...

    Authors: Sathees Santhalingam, Sivayogan Sivagurunathan, Shamini Prathapan, Sivapalan Kanagasabai and Luxmi Kamalarupan

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:464

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. Many people are now living longer with HIV due to access to antiretroviral treatment. In turn, there has been an increase in the burden of hypertension and diabetes. The paucity of data on the burden of hypert...

    Authors: Nicola Chiwandire, Nompumelelo Zungu, Musawenkosi Mabaso and Charles Chasela

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:462

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. We investigated the health status of some workers exposed to occupational noise in Xinjiang, and explored the influencing factors of their health level. We aimed to determine the key protection groups of occup...

    Authors: Shiyu Zhao, Dongkui He, Hanwei Zhang, Tingting Hou, Chengxin Yang, Wen Ding and Ping He

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:460

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. Obesity is well known as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the performance of and the optimal cutoff values for obesity indices to discriminate the presence of metabolic abnormali...

    Authors: Sooyoung Cho, Aesun Shin, Ji-Yeob Choi, Sang Min Park, Daehee Kang and Jong-Koo Lee

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:459

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  42. Online Food Delivery Services (OFDS) have rapidly expanded in North America, but their implications for geographic access to food and potential dietary outcomes of their use are poorly understood. The purpose ...

    Authors: Keshbir Brar and Leia Michelle Minaker

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:458

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. Unmet need is a critical indicator of access to healthcare services. Despite concrete evidence about unmet need in Iran’s health system, no recent evidence of this negative outcome is available. This study aim...

    Authors: Sajad Vahedi, Amin Torabipour, Amirhossein Takian, Saeed Mohammadpur, Alireza Olyaeemanesh, Mohammad Mehdi Kiani and Efat Mohamadi

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:457

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. Zambia is among the countries with the highest HIV burden and where youth remain disproportionally affected. Access to HIV testing and counselling (HTC) is a crucial step to ensure the reduction of HIV transmi...

    Authors: Aimé Bitakuya Heri, Francesca L. Cavallaro, Nurilign Ahmed, Maurice Mubuyaeta Musheke and Mitsuaki Matsui

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:456

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. Physical activity has positive effects on several diseases and may reduce the risk of morbidity and the mortality rate. Whether the prevalence of disease and health care consumption differ between the members ...

    Authors: Hanna Lindblom, Mats Lowén, Tomas Faresjö, Kristofer Hedman and Per Sandström

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:455

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. South Africa was the first sub-Saharan African country to implement a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax called the Health Promotion Levy (HPL) in April 2018. Given news media can increase public awareness and...

    Authors: Michael Essman, Fernanda Mediano Stoltze, Francesca Dillman Carpentier, Elizabeth C. Swart and Lindsey Smith Taillie

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:454

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Stress and burnout among healthcare workers has been recognized as a global crisis needing urgent attention. Yet few studies have examined stress and burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa, a...

    Authors: Patience A. Afulani, Linnet Ongeri, Joyceline Kinyua, Marleen Temmerman, Wendy Berry Mendes and Sandra J. Weiss

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:453

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Collaborations between health systems and community-based organizations (CBOs) are increasingly common mechanisms to address the unmet health-related social needs of high-risk populations. However, there is li...

    Authors: Etsemaye P. Agonafer, Savanna L. Carson, Vanessa Nunez, Kelli Poole, Clemens S. Hong, Maria Morales, Jessica Jara, Sarmen Hakopian, Tiffany Kenison, Ish Bhalla, Francesca Cameron, Stefanie D. Vassar and Arleen F. Brown

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:452

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Understanding the impact of food insecurity on HIV outcomes is critical for the development and implementation of effective, evidence-based interventions to address food insecurity and improve the HIV care cas...

    Authors: Noelle A. Benzekri, Jacques F. Sambou, Sanou Ndong, Mouhamadou Baïla Diallo, Ibrahima Tito Tamba, Dominique Faye, Ibrahima Sall, Jean Philippe Diatta, Khadim Faye, Ousseynou Cisse, Fatima Sall, Ndèye Fatou Ngom Guèye, Cheikh T. Ndour, Papa Salif Sow, Jean Jacques Malomar, Stephen E. Hawes…

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:451

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. The adolescent years see significant physical and emotional development that lay foundations for patterns of behaviour that can continue into adult life, including the shaping of eating behaviours. Given paren...

    Authors: Lucy M. Dahill, Stephen Touyz, Natalie M. V. Morrison and Phillipa Hay

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2021 21:450

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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