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  1. Screening invitations have traditionally been brief, providing information only about population benefits. Presenting information about the limited individual benefits and potential harms of screening to infor...

    Authors: Eleanor Mann, A Toby Prevost, Simon Griffin, Ian Kellar, Stephen Sutton, Michael Parker, Simon Sanderson, Ann Louise Kinmonth and Theresa M Marteau
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:63
  2. The incidence of cervical cancer varies dramatically, both globally and within individual countries. The age-standardised incidence of cervical cancer was compared across primary care trusts (PCTs) in South Ea...

    Authors: Laura G Currin, Ruth H Jack, Karen M Linklater, Vivian Mak, Henrik Møller and Elizabeth A Davies
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:62
  3. In-depth and structured evaluation of the stigma associated with depression has been lacking. This study aimed to inform the design of interventions to reduce stigma by systematically investigating community p...

    Authors: Lisa J Barney, Kathleen M Griffiths, Helen Christensen and Anthony F Jorm
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:61
  4. Do estimates of alcohol abuse reflect true levels across United States Hispanics and non-Hispanic Caucasians, or does culturally-based, systematic measurement error (i.e., measurement bias) affect estimates? L...

    Authors: Adam C Carle
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:60
  5. Anaemia is an important problem amongst young children living in rural India. However, there has not previously been a detailed study of the biological aetiology of this anaemia, exploring the relative contrib...

    Authors: Sant-Rayn Pasricha, Varalaxmi Vijaykumar, NS Prashanth, H Sudarshan, Beverley-Ann Biggs, Jim Black and Arun Shet
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:59
  6. Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality in Iran. A six-year, comprehensive, integrated community-based demonstration study entitled Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP) conducted in Iran...

    Authors: Katayoun Rabiei, Roya Kelishadi, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Heidar Ali Abedi, Mousa Alavi, Kamal Heidari, Ahmad Bahonar, Maryam Boshtam, Karim Zare and Shahryar Sadeghi
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:57
  7. Healthcare workers (HCWs) will play a key role in any response to pandemic influenza, and the UK healthcare system's ability to cope during an influenza pandemic will depend, to a large extent, on the number o...

    Authors: Jonathan Ives, Sheila Greenfield, Jayne M Parry, Heather Draper, Christine Gratus, Judith I Petts, Tom Sorell and Sue Wilson
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:56
  8. The tuberculosis reporting enquiry system was launched in Taiwan in 2001. Tuberculosis has been categorized as the third most important notifiable disease in Taiwan and the time required for reporting has been...

    Authors: Hui-Ping Lin, Chung-Yeh Deng and Pesus Chou
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:55
  9. In Greece, there is limited research on issues related to organ donation, and the low rate of registration as donors requires explanation. This study reports the findings of a survey of knowledge and attitudes...

    Authors: Emmanouil K Symvoulakis, Ioannis D Komninos, Nikos Antonakis, Myfanwy Morgan, Athanasios Alegakis, Emmanouil Tsafantakis, Marios Chatziarsenis, Anastas Philalithis and Roger Jones
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:54
  10. Delays seeking care increase transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis and hence the burden of tuberculosis, which remains high in developing countries. This study investigates patterns of health seeking behavior...

    Authors: Mengiste M Mesfin, James N Newell, John D Walley, Amanuel Gessessew and Richard J Madeley
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:53
  11. Parents have significant influence on behaviors and perceptions surrounding eating, body image and weight in adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of body weight dissatisfaction, dif...

    Authors: Haleama Al Sabbah, Carine A Vereecken, Frank J Elgar, Tonja Nansel, Katrin Aasvee, Ziad Abdeen, Kristiina Ojala, Namanjeet Ahluwalia and Lea Maes
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:52
  12. The effect of alcohol portrayals and advertising on the drinking behaviour of young people is a matter of much debate. We evaluated the relationship between exposure to alcohol advertising, marketing and portr...

    Authors: Lesley A Smith and David R Foxcroft
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:51
  13. Skin cancer is the most prevalent yet most preventable cancer in the US. While protecting oneself from ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can largely reduce risk, rates of unprotected sun exposure remain high. Becaus...

    Authors: Sherry L Pagoto, Kristin L Schneider, Jessica Oleski, Jamie S Bodenlos, Philip Merriam and Yunsheng Ma
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:50
  14. In observational studies moderate alcohol use reduces cardio-respiratory mortality. However observational studies may be biased by many factors including residual confounding by unmeasured differences between ...

    Authors: C Mary Schooling, Tai Hing Lam, Sai Yin Ho, Yao He, Kwok Hang Mak and Gabriel M Leung
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:49
  15. There is a considerable body of evidence on the effectiveness of specific interventions in individuals who wish to quit smoking. However, there are no large-scale studies testing the whole range of interventio...

    Authors: Carmen Cabezas, Carlos Martin, Silvia Granollers, Concepció Morera, Josep Lluis Ballve, Elvira Zarza, Jordi Blade, Margarida Borras, Antoni Serra and Diana Puente
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:48
  16. Sub-national analyses of causes of death and time-trends help to define public health policy priorities. They are particularly important in countries undergoing epidemiological transition like Peru. There are ...

    Authors: Luis Huicho, Miguel Trelles, Fernando Gonzales, Walter Mendoza and Jaime Miranda
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:47
  17. Obesity among children and adolescents is a growing public health problem. The aim of the present paper is to identify potential determinants of obesity and risk groups among 3- to 17-year old children and ado...

    Authors: Christina Kleiser, Angelika Schaffrath Rosario, Gert BM Mensink, Reinhild Prinz-Langenohl and Bärbel-Maria Kurth
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:46
  18. 'Sitting month' is the Chinese tradition for postpartum customs. Available studies indicate that some of the traditional postpartum practices are potentially harmful for women's health. However, no interventio...

    Authors: Nian Liu, Limei Mao, Xiufa Sun, Liegang Liu, Ping Yao and Banghua Chen
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:45
  19. Studies on health inequalities still focus mostly on adults. Research about social disparities and health in children is slowly increasing, also in Germany, but these studies are mostly restricted to individua...

    Authors: Daniela Koller and Andreas Mielck
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:43
  20. Burden of disease is a joint measure of mortality and morbidity which makes it easier to compare health problems in which these two components enjoy different degrees of relative importance. The objective of t...

    Authors: Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz, Elena Álvarez-Martín, Consuelo Morant-Ginestar, Ricard Gènova-Maleras, Ángel Gil, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez and Gonzalo López-Abente
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:42
  21. There is sufficient and consistent evidence that alcohol use is a causal risk factor for injury. For cannabis use, however, there is conflicting evidence; a detrimental dose-response effect of cannabis use on ...

    Authors: Gerhard Gmel, Hervé Kuendig, Jürgen Rehm, Nicolas Schreyer and Jean-Bernard Daeppen
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:40
  22. Consistently swelling proportion of the frail elderly within a modern society challenges the overstrained public health sector to provide both adequate medical care and comprehensive assistance in their multip...

    Authors: Marek Zak, Christian Swine and Tomasz Grodzicki
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:39
  23. Most valid methods to measure treatment adherence require time and resources, and they are not easily applied in highly demanding Primary Health Care Clinics (PHCC). The objective of this study was to determin...

    Authors: Carlos A Prado-Aguilar, Yolanda V Martínez, Yolanda Segovia-Bernal, Rosendo Reyes-Martínez and Raul Arias-Ulloa
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:38
  24. General Practitioners spend a disproportionate amount of time on frequent attenders. So far, trials on the effect of interventions on frequent attenders have shown negative results. However, these trials were ...

    Authors: Frans ThM Smits, Henk J Brouwer, Gerben ter Riet and Henk CP van Weert
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:36
  25. The objective of this study was to assess trends in cancer mortality by educational level in Barcelona from 1992 to 2003.

    Authors: Rosa Puigpinós, Carme Borrell, José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes, Enric Azlor, M Isabel Pasarín, Gemma Serral, Mariona Pons-Vigués, Maica Rodríguez-Sanz and Esteve Fernández
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:35
  26. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, end-stage cirrhosis, and liver cancer, but little is known about the burden of disease caused by the virus. We summarised burden of disease ...

    Authors: Nikolai Mühlberger, Ruth Schwarzer, Beate Lettmeier, Gaby Sroczynski, Stefan Zeuzem and Uwe Siebert
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:34
  27. Spatial health inequalities have often been analysed in terms of deprivation. The aim of this study was to create an ecological deprivation index and evaluate its association with mortality over the entire mai...

    Authors: Grégoire Rey, Eric Jougla, Anne Fouillet and Denis Hémon
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:33
  28. Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for many chronic and fatal illnesses. Stopping smoking directly reduces those risks. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a web-based interactiv...

    Authors: Jeannet JAM Kramer, Marc C Willemsen, Barbara Conijn, Andrée J van Emst, Suzanne Brunsting and Heleen Riper
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:32
  29. Declining physical activity is associated with a rising burden of global disease. There is little evidence about effective ways to increase adherence to physical activity. Therefore, interventions are needed t...

    Authors: Maria Giné-Garriga, Carme Martin, Carlos Martín, Anna Puig-Ribera, Juan José Antón, Agustí Guiu, Ana Cascos and Rafel Ramos
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:31
  30. Recent, dramatic increases in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in China can be mostly explained by adverse changes in major cardiovascular risk factors. Our study aimed to assess the potential impact of ...

    Authors: Jun Cheng, Dong Zhao, Zhechun Zeng, Julia Alison Critchley, Jing Liu, Wei Wang, Jiayi Sun and Simon Capewell
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:30
  31. Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea leading to hospitalization or disease-specific death among young children. New rotavirus vaccines have recently been approved. Some previous studies have p...

    Authors: Sun-Young Kim, Sue J Goldie and Joshua A Salomon
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:29
  32. Effective pharmacotherapies are available for smoking cessation but their efficacy is established through randomised controlled trials where the medication is supplied direct to subjects. In health care settin...

    Authors: Andy McEwen and Robert West
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:28
  33. With the backdrop of a global ecstasy epidemic, this study sought to examine the trend, correlates, and onset sequence of ecstasy use among adolescents in Taiwan, where a well-established gateway drug such as ...

    Authors: Wei J Chen, Tsung-Chieh Fu, Te-Tien Ting, Wei-Lun Huang, Guang-Mang Tang, Chuhsing Kate Hsiao and Chuan-Yu Chen
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:27
  34. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) have been linked to proximity to industrial areas, but evidence regarding the health risk posed by residence near pollutant industries is very limited. The European Pollutant Emi...

    Authors: Rebeca Ramis, Enrique Vidal, Javier García-Pérez, Virginia Lope, Nuria Aragonés, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez, Marina Pollán and Gonzalo López-Abente
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:26
  35. The association between a sedentary lifestyle and obesity is well documented, and is linked to an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS). There is some evidence that information regarding the health b...

    Authors: Roberta R Dalacorte, César L Reichert and José L Vieira
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:25
  36. In order to provide evidence on health impacts of the tobacco industry on cultivators in Vietnam, this study aims to provide comparison between tobacco cultivation related revenue and expenditure in selected a...

    Authors: Hoang Van Minh, Kim Bao Giang, Nguyen Ngoc Bich and Nguyen Thanh Huong
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:24
  37. Risky sexual behaviors of young adults have received increasing attention during the last decades. However, few studies have focused on the sexual behavior of young adults in shantytowns of Latin America. Spec...

    Authors: Juan A Gálvez-Buccollini, Suzanne DeLea, Phabiola M Herrera, Robert H Gilman and Valerie Paz-Soldan
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:23
  38. Vitamin D has a wide variety of physiological functions in the human body. There is increasing evidence that low serum levels of this vitamin have an important role in the pathogenesis of different skeletal an...

    Authors: Mart Kull Jr, Riina Kallikorm, Anu Tamm and Margus Lember
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:22
  39. The identification of various individual, social and physical environmental factors affecting physical activity (PA) behavior in Canada can help in the development of more tailored intervention strategies for ...

    Authors: Sai Yi Pan, Christine Cameron, Marie DesMeules, Howard Morrison, Cora Lynn Craig and XiaoHong Jiang
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:21
  40. In 2001, the observed annual mortality from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in Switzerland increased from less than 1.5 to 2.6 per million inhabitants. An underlying cause could not be identified.

    Authors: Jessica Ruegger, Katharina Stoeck, Lorenz Amsler, Thomas Blaettler, Marcel Zwahlen, Adriano Aguzzi, Markus Glatzel, Klaus Hess and Tobias Eckert
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:18
  41. Linkage to care after HIV diagnosis is associated with both clinical and public health benefits. However, ensuring and monitoring linkage to care by public health departments has proved to be a difficult task....

    Authors: Nicola M Zetola, Kyle Bernstein, Katherine Ahrens, Julia L Marcus, Susan Philip, Giuliano Nieri, Diane Jones, C Bradley Hare, Ling Hsu, Susan Scheer and Jeffrey D Klausner
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:17
  42. Only a minority of all alcohol- and drug abusers is receiving professional care. In an attempt to narrow this treatment gap, treatment facilities experiment with online healthcare. Therefore, it is important t...

    Authors: Matthijs Blankers, Maarten Koeter and Gerard M Schippers
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:16
  43. Results of studies concerning the association between obesity and depression are conflicting. Some find a positive association, some a negative association and some find no association at all. Most studies, ho...

    Authors: Leonore M de Wit, Annemieke van Straten, Marieke van Herten, Brenda WJH Penninx and Pim Cuijpers
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2009 9:14

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