United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). (2019). Global Humanitarian Overview, 2019.
United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2017. 14th Edition, 2018. Accessed at: https://www.unhcr.org/globaltrends2017. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Humanitarian Action Overview 2018. Retrieved https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pubpdf/UNFPA_HumanitAction_18_20180124_ONLINE.
Fatusi A. Young people’s sexual and reproductive health interventions in developing countries: making investments count. J Adolesc Health. 2016;59:S1–3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ivanova O, Rai M, Kemigisha E. A systematic review of sexual and reproductive health knowledge, experiences and access to services among refugee, migrant and displaced girls and young women in Africa. Int J of Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15:1–12.
Article
Google Scholar
Blanchet K, Ramesh A, Frison S, Warren E, Hossain M, Smith J. Evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises. Lancet. 2017;390:2287–96.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Casey SE. Evaluations of reproductive health programs in humanitarian settings: a systematic review. Confl Health. 2015;9:S1.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kalamar A, Bayer A, Hindin M. Interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, among young people in low-and-middle-income countries: a systematic review of the published and gray literature. J Adolesc Health. 2016;59:S22–31.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Morris J, Rushwan H. Adolescent sexual and reproductive health: the global challenges. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;131:S40–2.
Article
Google Scholar
UNAIDS. Adolescent girls and young women. Geneva, Switzerland: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; 2014.
Google Scholar
Askew I, Khosla R, Daniels U, Krause S, Lofthouse C, Say L, et al. Sexual and reproductive health rights in emergencies. Bulletin World Health Organization. 2016;94:311.
Article
Google Scholar
Barot S. In a state of crisis: meeting the sexual and reproductive health needs of women in humanitarian situations. Guttamacher Policy Review. 2017;20.
Singh NS, Aryasinghe S, Smith J, et al. A long way to go: a systematic review to assess the utilisation of sexual and reproductive health services during humanitarian crises. BMJ Glob Health. 2018;3:e000682. https://doi.org/10.1136/%20bmjgh-2017-000682.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Singh SD, Darroch JE, Ashford LS. Adding it up: the costs and benefits in investing in sexual and reproductive health. 2014. New York: Guttmacher Institute; 2014.
Google Scholar
Hindin MJ, Kalamar AM, Thompson T, Upadhyay UD. Interventions to prevent unintended and repeat pregnancy among young people in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the published and gray literature. J Adolesc Health. 2016;59:S8–15.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Masterson A, Usta J, Gupta J, Ettinger AS. Assessment of reproductive health and violence against women among displaced Syrians in Lebanon. BMC Womens Health. 2014;14(25):2–8.
Google Scholar
World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Fact Sheets, 2018. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health.
Turrini G, Purgato M, Ballette F, Nosè M, Ostuzzi G, Barbui C. Common mental disorders in asylum seekers and refugees: umbrella review of prevalence and intervention studies. Int J Ment Health Syst. 2017;11:51.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kessler RC. Epidemiology of women and depression. J Affect Disord. 2003;74(1):5e13.
Article
Google Scholar
World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Fact Sheets. 2018. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en/.
Patton GC, Sawyer SM, Santelli JS, Ross DA, Afifi R, Allen NB, et al. Our future: a lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing. Lancet. 2016;387:2423–8.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Higgins A, Barker P, Begley CM. Sexual health education for people with mental health problems: what can we learn from the literature? J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2006;13:687–97.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D, The PRISMA group. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62:1006–12.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Petticrew M, Rehfuess E, Noyes J, et al. Synthesizing evidence on complex interventions: how meta-analytical, qualitative, and mixed-method approaches can contribute. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;66:1230–43.
Article
Google Scholar
Cowan FM, Pascoe S, Langhaug LF, Mavhu W, Chidiya S, Shabbar J, et al. The Regai Dzive Shiri project: results of a randomized trial of an HIV prevention intervention for Zimbabwean youth. AIDS. 2010;24:2541–52.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Stark L, Seff I, Assezenew A, Eoomkham J, Falb K. Ssewamala. Effects of a social empowerment intervention on economic vulnerability for adolescent refugee girls in Ethiopia. J Adolesc Health. 2018;62:S15–20.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
USAID. Testing a service-delivery model for offering long-acting reversible contraceptive methods to youth in Ethiopia. Study Report, 2017.
Ezeanolue EE, Obiefune MC, Yang W, Ezeanolue CO, Pharr J, Osuji A, et al. What do you need to get male partners of pregnant women tested for HIV in resource limited settings? The baby shower cluster randomized trial. AIDS Beh. 2017; 21: 587–96.
Ishola AG, Chipps J. The use of mobile phones to deliver acceptance and commitment therapy in the prevention of mother-child HIV transmission in Nigeria. J Telemed Telecare. 2015;21:423–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Okonofua FE, Coplan P, Collins S, Oronsaye F, Ogunsakin D, Ogonor JT, et al. Impact of an intervention to improve treatment-seeking behavior and prevent sexually-transmitted diseases among Nigerian youths. Int J Infect Dis. 2003;7:61–73.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mercy Corps. Improving child and maternal health: Why adolescent girl programming matters. Post-intervention Evidence from Niger, 2015.
Bass JK, Annan J, Murray SM, Kaysen D, Griffiths S, Cetinoglu T, et al. Controlled trial of psychotherapy for Congolese survivors of sexual violence. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:82–91.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
O’Callaghan P, McMullen J, Shannon C, Rafferty H, Black A. A randomized controlled trial of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for sexually exploited, war-affected Congolese girls. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.
Panter-Brick C, Dajani R, Eggerman M, Hermosilla S, Sancilio A, Ager A. Insecurity, distress and mental health: experimental and randomized controlled trials of a psychosocial intervention for youth affected by the Syrian crisis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2018;59:523–41.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lange-Nielsen ID, Kolltveit S, Thabet A, Dyregrov A, Pallesen S, Johnsen TB, et al. Short-term effects of a writing intervention among adolescents in Gaza. J Loss Trauma. 2011;17:403–22.
Article
Google Scholar
Barron I, Abdallah G, Heltne U. Randomized control trial of teaching recovery techniques in rural occupied Palestine: effect on adolescent dissociation. J Aggress Maltreat Trauma. 2016;9:955–73.
Article
Google Scholar
Punamki R, Peltone K, Diab M, Qouta SR. Psychosocial interventions and emotion regulation among war-affected children: randomized controlled trial effects. Traumatol. 2014;20:241–52.
Article
Google Scholar
Qouta SR, Palosaari E, Diab M, Punamaki R. Intervention effectiveness among war-affected children: a cluster randomized controlled trial on improving mental health. J Trauma Stress. 2012;25:288–98.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Diab M, Peltonen K, Qouta SR, Palosaari E, Punamaki R. Effectiveness of psychosocial intervention enhancing resilience among war-affected children and the moderating role of family factors. Child Abuse Negl. 2015;40:24–35.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kalantari M, Yule W, Dyregrov A, Neshatdoost H, Ahmadi SJ. Efficacy of writing for recovery on traumatic grief symptoms of Afghani refugee bereaved adolescents: a randomized control trial. Omega. 2012;65:139–50.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mon M, Liabsuetrakul T, McNeil EB, Htut K. Mindfulness-integrated reproductive health package for adolescents with parental HIV infection: a group-randomized controlled trial. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2017;12:147–59.
Article
Google Scholar
Mon M, Liabsuetrakul T, Htut K. Effectiveness of mindfulness intervention on psychological behaviors among adolescents with parental HIV infection: a group-randomized controlled trial. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2016;28:767–75.
Article
Google Scholar
Newman SJ, Rocca CH, Zakaras JM, Onono M, Bukusi EA, Grossman D, et al. Does integrating family planning into HIV services improve gender equitable attitudes? Results from a cluster-randomized trial in Nyanza, Kenya. AIDS Beh. 2016;20:1883–92.
Article
Google Scholar
Bryant RA, Schafer A, Dawson KS, Najuri D, Mulili C, Ndognoi L, et al. Effectiveness of a brief behavioral intervention on psychological distress among women with a history of gender-based violence in urban Kenya: a randomized clinical trial. PLoS Med 2017; 14(8): e1002371. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002371.
Dawson KS, Schafer A, Anjuri D, Ndogoni L, Musyoki C, Sijbrandij M. Feasibility trial of a scalable psychological intervention for women affected by urban violence and gender-based violence in Nairobi. BMC Psychiatry. 2016;16:410.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Baiocchi M, Omondi B, Langat N, Boothroyd DB, Sinclair J, Pavia L, et al. A behavior-based intervention that prevents sexual assault: the results of a matched-pairs, cluster-randomized study in Nairobi. Kenya Prev Sci. 2017;18:818–27.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Puffer E, Green EP, Sikkema KJ, Broverman SA, Ogwang-Odhiambo RA, Pian J. A church-based intervention for families to promote mental health and prevent HIV among adolescents in rural Kenya: results of a randomized trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2016;84:511–25.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cohen CR, Grossman D, Onono M, Blat C, Newmann SJ, Burger RL, et al. Integration of family planning services into HIV care clinics: results one year after a cluster randomized controlled trial in Kenya. PLoS One 2017;12(3):e0172992. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172992.
Turan JM, Onono M, Steinfeld RL, Shade S, Owuor K, Washington S, et al. Effects of antenatal care and HIV treatment integration on elements of the PMTCT cascade: results from the SHAIP cluster-randomized controlled trial in Kenya. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2015;69(5):e172–81. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000000678.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Adam MB. Short report: effectiveness trial of community-based I choose life-Africa human immunodeficiency virus prevention program in Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014;91:645–8.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Grossman D, Onono M, Newman SJ, Blat C, Bukusi EA, Shade SB, et al. Integration of family planning services into HIV care treatment in Kenya: a cluster-randomized trial. AIDS. 2013;27:S77–85.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Penfold S, Manzi F, Mukumbo E, Temu S, Jaribu J, Shamba D, et al. Effect of home-based counseling on newborn care practices in southern Tanzania one year after implementation: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. BMC Ped. 2014;14:187.
Article
Google Scholar
Magoma M, Requejo J, Campbell O, Cousens S, Merialdi M, Filippi V. The effectiveness of birth plans in increasing use of skilled care at delivery and postnatal care in rural Tanzania: a cluster randomized trial. Tropical Med Int Health. 2013;18:434–43.
Article
Google Scholar
Ross DA, Changalucha J, Obasi A, Todd J, Plummer ML, Cleophas-Mazige B, et al. Biological and behavioural impact of an adolescent sexual health intervention in Tanzania: a community randomized trial. AIDS. 2007;21:1943–55.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jordans M, Komproe IH, Wietse AT, Kohrt BA, Luitel NP, Macy RD, et al. Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. J Child Psychol Psychiatr. 2010; 51: 818–26.
Ssewamala F, Ismayilova L, McKay M, Sperber E, Bannon W, Alicea S. Gender and the effects of an economic empowerment program on attitudes towards sexual risk-taking among AIDS-orphaned adolescent youth in Uganda. J Adolesc Health. 2010;46:372–8.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bolton P, Bass J, Betancourt T, Speelman L, Onyango G, Clougherty KF, et al. Interventions for depression symptoms among adolescent survivors of war and displacement in northern Uganda. JAMA. 2017;298:519–27.
Article
Google Scholar
Devries KM, Knight L, Allen E, Parkes J, Kyegombe N, Naker D. Does the good schools toolkit reduce physical, sexual and emotional violence, and injuries, in girls and boys equally?: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Prev Sci. 2017;18:839–53.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Atwood K, Kennedy SB, Shamblen S, Tegli J, Garber S, Fahnbulleh PW, et al. Impact of a school-based HIV prevention program in post-conflict Liberia. AIDS Educ Prev. 2012;24:68–77.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hossain M, Zimmerman C, Kiss L, Abramsky T, Kone D, Bakayoko-Topolska M. Working with men to prevent intimate partner violence in a conflict-affected setting: a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial in rural cote d’lvoire. BMC Pub Health. 2014;14:339.
Article
Google Scholar
Gupta J, Falb KL, Lehman H, Kpbebo D, Xuan Z, Hossain M. Gender norms and economic empowerment intervention to reduce intimate partner violence against women in rural cote d’lvoire: a randomized controlled pilot study. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2013;13:46 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-698X/13/46.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Villaruel AM, Zhou Y, Gallegos EC, Ronis DL. Examining long-term effects of Cuidate- a sexual risk reduction program in Mexican youth. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2010;27:345–51.
Article
Google Scholar
Kaljee LM, Genberg B, Riel R, Cole M, Tho L, Thoa L, et al. Effectiveness of a theory-based risk reduction HIV prevention program for rural Vietnamese adolescents. AIDS Educ Prev. 2005;17:185–99.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Leventhal KS, DeMaria LM, Gillham JE, Andrew G, Peabody J, Leventhal SM. A psychosocial resilience curriculum provides the “missing piece” to boost adolescent physical health: a randomized controlled trial of girls first in India. Soc Sci Med. 2016;161:37–46.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Leventhal KS, Gillham J, DeMaria L, Andrew G, Peabody J, Leventhal S. Building psychosocial assets and wellbeing among adolescent girls: a randomized controlled trial. J Adolesc. 2015;45:284–95.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Raj A, Ghule M, Ritter J, Battala M, Gajanan V, Nair S, et al. Cluster randomized controlled trial evaluation of a gender equity and family planning intervention for married men and couples in rural India. PLOS One. 2016; 11(5). DOI:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153190.
Jewkes R, Nduna M, Levin J, Jama N, Dunkle K, Puren A, et al. Impact of stepping stones on incidence of HIV and HSV-2 and sexual behavior in rural South Africa: cluster randomized controlled trial. Br Med J. 2008;337:a506.
Article
Google Scholar
Taylor M, Jinabhai C, Dlamini S, Sathiparsad R, Eggers MS, DeVries H. Effects of a teenage pregnancy prevention program in KwaZulu-Natal. South Africa Health Care Women Int. 2014;35:845–58.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Matthews C, Eggers SM, Townsend L, Aaro LE, de Vries PJ, Mason-Jones AJ, et al. Effect of PREPARE, a multi-component, school-based HIV and intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention program on adolescent sexual risk behavior and IPV: cluster randomized controlled trial. AIDS Beh. 2016;20:1821–40.
Article
Google Scholar
Jones DL, Peltzer K, Villar-Loubet O, Shikwane E, Cook R, Vamos S, et al. Reducing the risk of HIV infection during pregnancy among south African women: a randomized controlled trial. AIDS Care. 2013;25:702–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mott MacDonald Evaluation Team. Adolescent girls empowerment programme, Zambia. End Term Evaluation Report, 2017.
Vance G, Janowitz B, Chen M, Boyer B, Kasonde P, Asare G, et al. Integrating family planning messages into immunization services: a cluster randomized trial in Ghana and Zambia. Health Policy Plan. 2014;29:359–66.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rokicki S, Cohen J, Salomon JA, Fink G. Impact of a text-messaging program on adolescent reproductive health: a cluster-randomized trial in Ghana. Am J Pub Health. 2017;107:298–305.
Article
Google Scholar
Aninanya GA, Debpuur CY, Awine T, Williams JE, Hodgson A, Howard N. Effects of an adolescent sexual and reproductive health intervention on health service usage by young people in northern Ghana: a community randomized trial. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0125267. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125267.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Carlson CE, Chen J, Chang M, Batsukh A, Toivgoo A, Riedel M, et al. Reducing intimate and paying partner violence against women who exchange sex in Mongolia: results from a randomized clinical trial. J Interpers Violence. 2012;27:1911–31.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Khan MN, Dherani M, Chiumento A, Atif N, Bristow K, Sikander S, et al. Evaluating feasibility and acceptability of a local psycho-educational intervention for pregnant women with common mental problems affected by armed conflict in swat, Pakistan: a parallel randomized controlled feasibility trial. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2017;63:724–35.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bhutta ZA, Soofi S, Cousens S, Mohammad S, Memon Z, Ali I, et al. Improvement of perinatal and newborn care in rural Pakistan through community-based strategies: a cluster-randomized effectiveness trial. Lancet. 2011;377:402–12.
Google Scholar
Bastani F, Hidarnia A, Montgomery KS, Aguilar-Vafaei ME, Kazemnejad A. Does relaxation education in anxious Primigravid Iranian women influence adverse pregnancy outcomes? A randomized controlled trial. J Perinat Neonat Nurs. 2016;20:138–46.
Article
Google Scholar
Berger R, Gelkopf M, Heineberg Y. A teacher-delivered intervention for adolescents exposed to ongoing and intense traumatic war-related stress: a quasi-randomized controlled tiral. J Adolesc Health. 2012;51:453–61.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chorpita BF, Daleiden EL. Mapping evidence-based treatments for children and adolescents: application of the distillation and matching model to 615 treatments from 322 randomized trials. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009;77:566–79.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brown FL, de Graaf AM, Annan J, Betancourt T. Annual research review: breaking cycles of violence- a systematic review and common practice elements analysis of psychosocial interventions for children and youth affected by conflict. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12671.
Jackson N, Waters E. Criteria for the systematic review of health promotion and public health interventions. Health Promot Int. 2005;20:367–74.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sing NH, Smith J, Aryasinghe S, Khosla R, Say L, Blanchet K. Evaluating effectiveness of sexual and reproductive health services during humanitarian crisis: a systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13(7): e0199300. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.01.
Weisz JR, Ng MY, Ugueto AM, Jensen-Doss A, Marchette LSK, Weersing VR, et al. What five decades of research tells us about the effects of youth psychological therapy: a multilevel meta-analysis and implications for science and practice. Am Psychol. 2017;2:79–117.
Article
Google Scholar
Barker G, Ricardo C, Nascimento M. Engaging men and boys in changing gender-based inequity in health: evidence from programme interventions. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007.
Google Scholar
Comrie-Thomson L, Tokhi M, Ampt F, Portela A, Chersich M, Khanna R, et al. Challenging gender inequity through male involvement in maternal and newborn health: critical assessment of an emerging evidence base. Cult Health Sex. 2015;17:S177–89.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
World Health Organization (WHO). WHO recommendations on health promotion interventions for maternal and newborn health 2015. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.