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  1. During the last decades, the use of active travel modes declined in all age groups. Childhood is a critical time to establish lifelong healthy patterns. To develop effective interventions in this age group, in...

    Authors: Femke De Meester, Delfien Van Dyck, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij and Greet Cardon
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:631
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. HIV is a major public health problem in the world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. It often leads to loss of productive labour and disruption of existing social support system which results in deterioration ...

    Authors: Telemu Kassile, Honest Anicetus, Raphael Kukula and Bruno P Mmbando
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:630
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. This study, the first of its kind carried out at sub-national level in Ethiopia, was conducted in order to understand the dynamics of HIV transmission at regional and district level in Tigrai, Ethiopia; and to...

    Authors: GebreAb Barnabas, Elisabetta Pegurri, Hiwot Haile Selassie, Warren Naamara and Samuel Zemariam
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:628
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. How to promote physical activity is an important public health problem that is attracting increasing attention. Although the application of environmental approaches is believed to promote resident walking, the...

    Authors: Ying-nan Jia and Hua Fu
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:627
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. The development, implementation and evaluation of community interventions are important for reducing child violence and injuries in low- to middle-income contexts, with successful implementation critical to ef...

    Authors: Ashley van Niekerk, Mohamed Seedat, Sherianne Kramer, Shahnaaz Suffla, Samed Bulbulia and Ghouwa Ismail
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14(Suppl 2):S7
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 2

  7. South Africa (SA) is undergoing multiple transitions with an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases and high levels of overweight and obesity in adolescent girls and women. Adolescence is key to addres...

    Authors: Catherine E Draper, Lisa K Micklesfield, Kathleen Kahn, Stephen M Tollman, John M Pettifor, David B Dunger and Shane A Norris
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14(Suppl 2):S5
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 2

  8. The rising burden of chronic non-communicable diseases in low and middle income countries has major implications on the ability of these countries to achieve universal health coverage. In this paper we discuss...

    Authors: Ama de-Graft Aikins, Mawuli Kushitor, Kwadwo Koram, Stella Gyamfi and Gbenga Ogedegbe
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14(Suppl 2):S3
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 2

  9. Anemia in children continues to be a major public health challenge in most developing countries, particularly in Africa. Anemia in the early stages of life leads to severe negative consequences on the cognitiv...

    Authors: Joycelyne E Ewusie, Clement Ahiadeke, Joseph Beyene and Jemila S Hamid
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:626
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Ensuring adherence to treatment and retention is important in clinical trials, particularly in remote areas and minority groups. We describe a novel approach to improve adherence, retention and clinical review...

    Authors: Gabrielle B McCallum, Lesley A Versteegh, Peter S Morris, Clare C Mckay, Nerida J Jacobsen, Andrew V White, Heather A D’Antoine and Anne B Chang
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:622
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Obesity often occurs co-morbid with chronic, non-cancer pain. While behavioral treatments have proved effective for pain management and weight loss independently, integrated interventions are lacking. The stud...

    Authors: E Amy Janke, Megan Fritz, Christina Hopkins, Brittany Haltzman, Jessica M Sautter and Michelle L Ramirez
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:621
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  15. Recent trials demonstrate the acceptability and short term efficacy of primary care referral to a commercial weight loss provider for weight management. Commissioners now need information on the optimal durati...

    Authors: Amy L Ahern, Paul N Aveyard, Jason CG Halford, Adrian Mander, Lynne Cresswell, Simon R Cohn, Marc Suhrcke, Tim Marsh, Ann M Thomson and Susan A Jebb
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:620
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  16. Physical inactivity contributes to poor fitness and mental health disorders. This is of concern in post-conflict low-income settings where non-communicable diseases are emerging and there is limited evidence f...

    Authors: Justin Richards, Charlie Foster, Nick Townsend and Adrian Bauman
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:619
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Tuberculosis awareness, grounded in social cognition models of health care seeking behaviour, relies on the ability of individuals to recognise symptoms, assess their risk and access health care (passive case ...

    Authors: Gillian M Craig, Louise M Joly and Alimuddin Zumla
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:618
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Pain is common in otherwise healthy adolescents. In recent years widespread musculoskeletal pain, in contrast to single site pain, and associating factors has been emphasized. Musculoskeletal pain has not been...

    Authors: Christian Eckhoff and Siv Kvernmo
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:617
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk of HIV infection in both high- and low-income settings. Mass media campaigns have been used as a means of communicating HIV health promotion messages to la...

    Authors: Rebecca S French, Chris Bonell, Kaye Wellings and Peter Weatherburn
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:616
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Recent studies have questioned whether orphanhood is primarily associated with key dimensions of psycho-social wellbeing in children living in circumstances of material deprivation and high prevalence of HIV a...

    Authors: Kaymarlin Govender, Candice Reardon, Tim Quinlan and Gavin George
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:615
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. As part of a study considering the impact of a child weight management programme when rolled out at scale following an RCT, this qualitative study focused on acceptability and implementation for providers and ...

    Authors: Patricia J Lucas, Katherine Curtis-Tyler, Lisa Arai, Sally Stapley, Jamie Fagg and Helen Roberts
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:614
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. In recent years, the prevalence of daily smokers has decreased in all developed countries due to a great variety of factors. Despite this decrease, the effectiveness of clinical treatments has decreased and se...

    Authors: Elisardo Becoña, Ana López-Durán, Elena Fernández del Río and Úrsula Martínez
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:613
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Most studies on alcohol consumption carried out in Sri Lanka are limited to single/few provinces in the island. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, patterns and correlates of alcohol c...

    Authors: Prasad Katulanda, Chathuranga Ranasinghe, Amila Rathnapala, Nalika Karunaratne, Rezvi Sheriff and David Matthews
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:612
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. The study on Clustering of Lifestyle risk factors and Understanding its association with Stress on health and wellbeing among school Teachers in Malaysia (CLUSTer) is a prospective cohort study which aims to exte...

    Authors: Foong Ming Moy, Victor Chee Wai Hoe, Noran Naqiah Hairi, Brian Buckley, Petra A Wark, David Koh, HB(as) Bueno-de-Mesquita and Awang M Bulgiba
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:611
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  25. To explore differences in personal and home environmental factors that are regarded as determinants of energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) according to parental education and ethnic background among 10–12...

    Authors: Johannes Brug, Léonie Uijtdewilligen, Maartje M van Stralen, Amika S Singh, Mai JM ChinAPaw, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Nanna Lien, Elling Bere, Lea Maes, Juan M Fernández-Alvira, Nataša Jan, Eva Kovacs, Alain Dössegger, Yannis Manios and Saskia J te Velde
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:610
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. The relevance of disease-related genetic variants for the explanation of social inequalities in complex diseases is unclear and empirical analyses are largely missing. The aim of our study was to examine wheth...

    Authors: Börge Schmidt, Nico Dragano, André Scherag, Sonali Pechlivanis, Per Hoffmann, Markus M Nöthen, Raimund Erbel, Karl-Heinz Jöckel and Susanne Moebus
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:609
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. To impact on the obesity epidemic, interventions that prevent weight gain across populations are urgently needed. However, even the most efficacious interventions will have little impact on obesity prevention ...

    Authors: Catherine B Lombard, Cheryce L Harrison, Samantha L Kozica, Sophia Zoungas, Catherine Keating and Helena J Teede
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:608
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  28. Despite the efforts to reduce iron deficiency during pregnancy, information on the coverage and factors associated with utilization of iron supplements is lacking. The study is intended to assess the coverage,...

    Authors: Samson Gebremedhin, Aregash Samuel, Girma Mamo, Tibebu Moges and Tsehai Assefa
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:607
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Throughout the literature, substantial evidence supports associations between poor psychosocial work characteristics and a variety of ill-health outcomes. Yet, few reports strategies workers carry out to impro...

    Authors: Mia Söderberg, Annika Härenstam, Annika Rosengren, Linus Schiöler, Anna-Carin Olin, Lauren Lissner, Margda Waern and Kjell Torén
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:605
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Increasing school breakfast participation has been advocated as a method to prevent childhood obesity. However, little is known about children’s breakfast patterns outside of school (e.g., home, corner store)....

    Authors: Hannah G Lawman, Heather M Polonsky, Stephanie S Vander Veur, Michelle L Abel, Sandy Sherman, Katherine W Bauer, Tim Sanders, Jennifer O Fisher, Lisa Bailey-Davis, Janet Ng, Gretchen Van Wye and Gary D Foster
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:604
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Previous work has found that first-generation immigrants to developed nations tend to have better health than individuals born in the host country. We examined the evidence for the healthy immigrant effect and...

    Authors: Laura Corlin, Mark Woodin, Mohan Thanikachalam, Lydia Lowe and Doug Brugge
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:603
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Implementation of interventions in real-life settings requires a comprehensive evaluation approach. The aim of this article is to describe the evaluation design of the SLIMMER diabetes prevention intervention ...

    Authors: Geerke Duijzer, Annemien Haveman-Nies, Sophia C Jansen, Josien ter Beek, Gerrit J Hiddink and Edith JM Feskens
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:602
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  34. Number of internal rural to urban migrant children in China increased rapidly. The disparity of anemia prevalence among them and children of local permanent residents has been reported, both in big and middle-...

    Authors: Shiyun Hu, Hui Tan, Aiping Peng, Hong Jiang, Jianmei Wu, Sufang Guo and Xu Qian
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:601
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Modifying the built environment by improving parks is potentially a sustainable way to increase population level physical activity. Despite considerable investment in parks and park renovations, few natural ex...

    Authors: Jenny Veitch, Jo Salmon, Alison Carver, Anna Timperio, David Crawford, Elly Fletcher and Billie Giles-Corti
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:600
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  36. One potential promising strategy for increasing smoking cessation for Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders) and New Zealand resident Pacific Island people is Quit and Win competitions. The current uncontrolled pre...

    Authors: Marewa Glover, Anette Kira, Dudley Gentles, Nathan Cowie, Chris Paton and Warren Moetara
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:599
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The prevalence of food insecurity is substantially higher among Australians of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent. The purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between food insecurity and...

    Authors: Alison Markwick, Zahid Ansari, Mary Sullivan and John McNeil
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:598
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. It has been hypothesised that light skin pigmentation has arisen to ensure adequate levels of vitamin D as human populations moved out of Africa and into higher latitudes. Vitamin D, which is primarily obtaine...

    Authors: Carolina Bonilla, Andrew R Ness, Andrew K Wills, Debbie A Lawlor, Sarah J Lewis and George Davey Smith
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:597
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Vaginal self-sampling with HPV-DNA tests is a promising primary screening method for cervical cancer. However, women’s experiences, concerns and the acceptability of such tests in low-resource settings remain ...

    Authors: Pooja Bansil, Scott Wittet, Jeanette L Lim, Jennifer L Winkler, Proma Paul and Jose Jeronimo
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:596
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of major birth defects in Sichuan, the most populous province in China. The detailed etiology of CHD is unknown but some environmental factors are suspect...

    Authors: Li-Guang Ma, Jun Zhao, Zhou-Peng Ren, Yuan-Yuan Wang, Zuo-Qi Peng, Jin-Feng Wang and Xu Ma
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:595
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Workers without a permanent employment contract represent a vulnerable group within the working population. Mental disorders are a major cause of sickness absence within this group. Common mental disorders are...

    Authors: Lieke Lammerts, Sylvia J Vermeulen, Frederieke G Schaafsma, Willem van Mechelen and Johannes R Anema
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:594
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  43. Policies that improve access to healthy, affordable foods may improve population health and reduce health disparities. In the United States most food access policy research focuses on urban communities even th...

    Authors: Donna B Johnson, Emilee Quinn, Marilyn Sitaker, Alice Ammerman, Carmen Byker, Wesley Dean, Sheila Fleischhacker, Jane Kolodinsky, Courtney Pinard, Stephanie B Jilcott Pitts and Joseph Sharkey
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:592
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. In this article, the test implementation of a school-oriented drug prevention program “Study without Drugs” is discussed. The aims of this study were to determine the results of the process evaluation and to d...

    Authors: Fariel Ishaak, Nanne Karel de Vries and Kees van der Wolf
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:590
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Common mental disorders (CMD) are prevalent in working populations and have adverse consequences for employee well-being and work ability, even leading to early retirement. Several studies report associations ...

    Authors: Hanna Laine, Peppiina Saastamoinen, Jouni Lahti, Ossi Rahkonen and Eero Lahelma
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:588
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Climate change affects human health in various ways. Health planners and policy makers are increasingly addressing potential health impacts of climate change. Ethiopia is vulnerable to these impacts. Assessing...

    Authors: Andualem S Nigatu, Benedict O Asamoah and Helmut Kloos
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:587
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Delay in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis may worsen the disease and increase TB transmission. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment is critical in TB control. We aimed to assess the treatment delay of pulmonar...

    Authors: Esther Buregyeya, Bart Criel, Fred Nuwaha and Robert Colebunders
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:586
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Aboriginal representation in Canadian correctional institutions has increased rapidly over the past decade. We calculated “years of life lost to incarceration” for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians.

    Authors: Akwasi Owusu-Bempah, Steve Kanters, Eric Druyts, Kabirraaj Toor, Katherine A Muldoon, John W Farquhar and Edward J Mills
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:585
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Evidence from numerous studies suggests that salt intake is an important determinant of elevated blood pressure. Robust data about salt consumption among adults in Bangladesh is sparse. However, much evidence ...

    Authors: Sabrina Rasheed, Shamshad Jahan, Tamanna Sharmin, Shahidul Hoque, Masuma Akter Khanam, Mary Anne Land, Mohammad Iqbal, Syed Manzoor Ahmed Hanifi, Fatema Khatun, Abul Kasem Siddique and Abbas Bhuiya
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:584
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Estimating the prevalence of hardcore smoking and identifying linked factors is fundamental to improve planning and implementation of effective tobacco control measures. Given the paucity of data on that topic...

    Authors: Dorota Kaleta, Bukola Usidame, Elżbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska and Mall Leinsalu
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:583
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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