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  1. Influenza vaccine is rarely used in Kenya, and little is known about attitudes towards the vaccine. From June-September 2010, free seasonal influenza vaccine was offered to children between 6 months and 10 yea...

    Authors: Prisca Adhiambo Oria, Geoffrey Arunga, Emmaculate Lebo, Joshua M Wong, Gideon Emukule, Philip Muthoka, Nancy Otieno, David Mutonga, Robert F Breiman and Mark A Katz
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:391
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Vaccination against influenza is considered the most important public health intervention to prevent unnecessary hospitalizations and premature deaths related to influenza in the elderly, though there are sign...

    Authors: Jason M Nagata, Isabel Hernández-Ramos, Anand Sivasankara Kurup, Daniel Albrecht, Claudia Vivas-Torrealba and Carlos Franco-Paredes
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:388
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Diabetes represents one of the biggest public health challenges facing the UK. It is also associated with increasing costs to the economy due to working days lost as people with diabetes have a sickness absenc...

    Authors: Annmarie Ruston, Alison Smith and Bernard Fernando
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:386
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. There is limited knowledge about leisure time physical activity and the body mass index (BMI) as prognostic factors for recovery from persistent back pain. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of ...

    Authors: Tony Bohman, Lars Alfredsson, Johan Hallqvist, Eva Vingård and Eva Skillgate
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:385
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Childhood obesity gives rise to health complications including impaired musculoskeletal development that associates with increased risk of fractures. Prevention and treatment programs should focus on nutrition...

    Authors: Tamara R Cohen, Tom J Hazell, Catherine A Vanstone, Hugues Plourde, Celia J Rodd and Hope A Weiler
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:383
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  6. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), commonly known as kala-azar is a systemic disease caused by parasitic protozoan species of genus Leishmania and transmitted by species of Phlebotomus (sand flies). It is a poverty-rel...

    Authors: Agersew Alemu, Abebe Alemu, Nuraini Esmael, Yared Dessie, Kedir Hamdu, Biniam Mathewos and Wubet Birhan
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:382
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Several forms of cessation support have been shown effective in increasing the chance of successful smoking cessation, but cessation support is still underutilized among smokers. Proactive outreach to target a...

    Authors: Kathrin Schuck, Roy Otten, Marloes Kleinjan, Jonathan B Bricker and Rutger CME Engels
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:381
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Illicit drug use is an important public health problem. Identifying conditions that coexist with illicit drug use is necessary for planning health services. This study described the prevalence and factors asso...

    Authors: Ifeoma N Onyeka, Caryl M Beynon, Hanna Uosukainen, Maarit Jaana Korhonen, Jenni Ilomäki, J Simon Bell, Mika Paasolainen, Niko Tasa, Jari Tiihonen and Jussi Kauhanen
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:380
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Tobacco consumption (TC) among youths poses significant public health problem in developing countries. This study utilized the data of Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), 2007 to examine and compare youth TC b...

    Authors: Mohammad Alamgir Kabir, Kim-Leng Goh and Mobarak Hossain Khan
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:379
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Diabetes with onset in younger ages affects both length of life and health status due to debilitating and life-threatening long-term complications. In addition, episodes and fear of hypoglycaemia and of long-t...

    Authors: Vibeke Sparring, Lennarth Nyström, Rolf Wahlström, Pia Maria Jonsson, Jan Östman and Kristina Burström
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:377
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. The risk factors for chronic disease, smoking, poor nutrition, hazardous alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and weight (SNAPW) are common in primary health care (PHC) affording opportunity for preventive...

    Authors: Mark F Harris, Bibiana C Chan, Rachel A Laws, Anna M Williams, Gawaine Powell Davies, Upali W Jayasinghe, Mahnaz Fanaian, Neil Orr and Andrew Milat
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:375
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Little is known about the time spent on specific health related activities by older adult informal carers who assist people with chronic illness. Research has not yet addressed the association between carer he...

    Authors: Tanisha Jowsey, Ian McRae, James Gillespie, Michelle Banfield and Laurann Yen
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:374
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Data on sexually transmitted infections (STI) prevalence among HIV-infected women in Thailand are limited. We studied, among HIV-infected women, prevalence of STI symptoms and signs; prevalence and correlates ...

    Authors: Suvanna Asavapiriyanont, Rangsima Lolekha, Anuvat Roongpisuthipong, Amornpan Wiratchai, Surasak Kaoiean, Orapin Suksripanich, Amphan Chalermchockcharoenkit, Jaruensook Ausavapipit, Somporn Srifeungfung, Sarika Pattanasin and Kenneth A Katz
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:373
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Rural women in West Bengal have been found to have low rates of formal education, poor health knowledge, high rates of malnutrition and anemia, and low levels of empowerment. Despite these difficult circumstan...

    Authors: Katelyn NG Long, Lisa H Gren, Chris A Rees, Joshua H West, Parley Cougar Hall, Bobbi Gray and Benjamin T Crookston
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:372
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Urban slum populations in Africa continue to grow faster than national populations. Health strategies that focus on non-communicable diseases (NCD) in this segment of the population are generally lacking. We d...

    Authors: Richard Ayah, Mark D Joshi, Rosemary Wanjiru, Elijah K Njau, C Fredrick Otieno, Erastus K Njeru and Kenneth K Mutai
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:371
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Child neglect is a pernicious child protection issue with adverse consequences that extend to adulthood. Simultaneously, though it remains prevalent, childhood dental caries is a preventable disease. Public he...

    Authors: Caroline Bradbury-Jones, Nicola Innes, Dafydd Evans, Fiona Ballantyne and Julie Taylor
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:370
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Multisystemic Therapy (MST) is an intensive, short, family- and community-based treatment for serious antisocial behaviour and delinquency in youth. It is an emerging intervention for serious juvenile delinque...

    Authors: Danielle EMC Jansen, Karin M Vermeulen, Annemieke H Schuurman-Luinge, Erik J Knorth, Erik Buskens and Sijmen A Reijneveld
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:369
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  20. There are several plausible mechanisms whereby either short or long term exposure to pollution can increase the risk of stroke. Over the last decade, several studies have reported associations between short-te...

    Authors: Julie YM Johnson, Brian H Rowe, Ryan W Allen, Paul A Peters and Paul J Villeneuve
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:368
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. School-based smoking prevention programs have been shown to increase knowledge of the negative effects of smoking and prevent tobacco smoking. The majority of evidence on effectiveness comes from Western count...

    Authors: Teuku Tahlil, Richard J Woodman, John Coveney and Paul R Ward
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:367
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. There are multiple adverse effects of anemia on human function, particularly on women. However, few researches are conducted on women anemia in rural Western China. This study mainly aims to investigate the le...

    Authors: Leilei Pei, Lin Ren, Duolao Wang and Hong Yan
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:366
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Epidemiological research has established sitting as a new risk factor for the development of non-communicable chronic disease. Sit-stand desks have been proposed as one strategy to reduce occupational sedentar...

    Authors: Anne Carolyn Grunseit, Josephine Yuk-Yin Chau, Hidde Pieter van der Ploeg and Adrian Bauman
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:365
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Intensive interventions on smoking cessation increase abstinence rates. However, few electronic mail (E-mail) based intensive interventions have been tested in smokers and none in primary care (PC) setting. Th...

    Authors: Laura Díaz-Gete, Elisa Puigdomènech, Elena Mercedes Briones, Mireia Fàbregas-Escurriola, Soraya Fernandez, Jose Luis del Val, Jose Luis Ballvé, Marc Casajuana, Jessica Sánchez-Fondevila, Lourdes Clemente, Carmen Castaño and Carlos Martín-Cantera
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:364
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  25. Americans, including children, consume fewer fruit and vegetable servings than is recommended. Given that young children spend large amounts of time in child care centers, this may be an ideal venue for increa...

    Authors: Rebecca J Namenek Brouwer and Sara E Benjamin Neelon
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:363
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This multicenter, cross-sectional survey was designed to estimate the cardiovascular (CV) risk attributable to smoking using risk assessment too...

    Authors: Pablo Mallaina, Christos Lionis, Hugo Rol, Renzo Imperiali, Andrew Burgess, Mark Nixon and Franco Mondello Malvestiti
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:362
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Stunting, linear growth retardation is the best measure of child health inequalities as it captures multiple dimensions of children’s health, development and environment where they live. The developmental prio...

    Authors: Victor T Adekanmbi, Olalekan A Uthman and Oludare M Mudasiru
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:361
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The overall number of cancer cases is increasing and, therefore, strengthening cancer prevention has become a priority. The institutions responsible for its control establish guidelines for primary prevention....

    Authors: Alberto Lana, Maria Olivo del Valle, Santiago López, Goretti Faya-Ornia and Maria Luisa López
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:357
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  32. HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) has increased rapidly in China. Behavioral and biological interventions are key to controlling the spread of HIV in the MSM population and the primary strat...

    Authors: Jie Liu, Bo Qu, Ezeakile Moses C, Yang Zhang and Shijie Liang
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:356
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Existing studies which regarding to the association between individual socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity are still scarce in developing countries. The major aim of this study is to estimate such associati...

    Authors: Yuanyuan Xiao, Naiqing Zhao, Hao Wang, Jie Zhang, Qingfang He, Danting Su, Ming Zhao, Lixin Wang, Xinwei Zhang, Weiwei Gong, Ruying Hu, Min Yu, Gangqiang Ding, Liming Cong and Zhen Ye
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:355
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. This paper examines the potential for community conversations to strengthen positive responses to HIV in resource-poor environments. Community conversations are an intervention method through which local peopl...

    Authors: Catherine Campbell, Mercy Nhamo, Kerry Scott, Claudius Madanhire, Constance Nyamukapa, Morten Skovdal and Simon Gregson
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:354
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Tuberculosis (TB) presents globally a significant health problem and health care workers (HCW) are at increased risk of contracting TB infection. There is no diagnostic gold standard for latent TB infection (L...

    Authors: Gerd Gran, Jörg Aßmus and Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:353
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Many studies have examined the risk factors for HCC (including hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, aflatoxin, retinol, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption). However, data from previous studies on the ...

    Authors: Horng-Jeng Shyu, Chia-Chi Lung, Chien-Chang Ho, Yi-Hua Iris Sun, Pei-Chieh Ko, Jing-Yang Huang, Chia-Chen Pan, Yi-Chen Chiang, Shih-Chang Chen and Yung-Po Liaw
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:352
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Conventional screening for hypothyroidism is controversial. Although hypothyroidism is underdiagnosed, many organizations do not recommend screening, citing low disease prevalence in unselected populations. We...

    Authors: Gay J Canaris, Thomas G Tape and Robert S Wigton
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:351
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Northwestern Nicaragua has a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of unknown cause among young adult men. In addition, frequent occurrence of urinary tract infections (UTI) among men and a dysuria s...

    Authors: Oriana Ramirez-Rubio, Daniel R Brooks, Juan Jose Amador, James S Kaufman, Daniel E Weiner and Madeleine Kangsen Scammell
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:350
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Physical inactivity among children is an increasing problem that adversely affects children’s health. A better understanding of factors which affect physical activity (PA) will help create effective interventi...

    Authors: Sandra Ortlieb, Gabriel Schneider, Sibylle Koletzko, Dietrich Berdel, Andrea von Berg, Carl-Peter Bauer, Beate Schaaf, Olf Herbarth, Irina Lehmann, Barbara Hoffmann, Joachim Heinrich and Holger Schulz
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:349
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Weight control is cited by some people, especially adolescent girls, as a reason for commencing smoking or not quitting. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between smoking behaviour and bein...

    Authors: Daniel F Mackay, Linsay Gray and Jill P Pell
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:348
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The effects of air pollution on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, and the resulting impacts on public health, have been widely studied. However, little is known about the effect of air pollution on t...

    Authors: Seung Seok Han, Sunhee Kim, Yunhee Choi, Suhnggwon Kim and Yon Su Kim
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:347
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Prior studies have demonstrated that time perspective—the propensity to consider short-versus long-term consequences of one’s actions—is a potentially important predictor of health-related behaviors, including...

    Authors: Genevieve Sansone, Geoffrey T Fong, Peter A Hall, Romain Guignard, François Beck, Ute Mons, Martina Pötschke-Langer, Hua-Hie Yong, Mary E Thompson, Maizurah Omar and Yuan Jiang
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:346
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Birthweight and gestational age are associated with socioeconomic deprivation, but the evidence in relation to temporal changes in these associations is sparse. We investigated changes in the associations betw...

    Authors: Svetlana V Glinianaia, Rakesh Ghosh, Judith Rankin, Mark S Pearce, Louise Parker and Tanja Pless-Mulloli
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:345
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. During the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, Australian public health officials closed schools as a strategy to mitigate the spread of the infection. This article examines school communities’ understanding of, and...

    Authors: Annette Braunack-Mayer, Rebecca Tooher, Joanne E Collins, Jackie M Street and Helen Marshall
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:344
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. The use of incentives to promote smoking cessation is a promising technique for increasing the effectiveness of interventions. This study evaluated the smoking cessation outcomes and factors associated with su...

    Authors: Andrew Radley, Paul Ballard, Douglas Eadie, Susan MacAskill, Louise Donnelly and David Tappin
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:343
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Cash transfer programmes are increasingly recognised as promising and scalable interventions that can promote the health and development of children. However, concerns have been raised about the potential for ...

    Authors: Morten Skovdal, Phyllis Mushati, Laura Robertson, Shungu Munyati, Lorraine Sherr, Constance Nyamukapa and Simon Gregson
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:342
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is associated with detrimental effects on the mother and the fetus including; impaired fetal growth, low birth weight and preterm delivery. In utero exposure...

    Authors: Hayfaa A Wahabi, Rasmieh A Alzeidan, Amel A Fayed, Ahmed Mandil, Ghadeer Al-Shaikh and Samia A Esmaeil
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:341
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. In Catalonia, a law was passed in 2010 to incorporate HIV infection as a mandatory disease and to reduce under-reporting, perform follow-up and to improve prevention. Currently, there are studies that describe...

    Authors: Juliana M Reyes-Urueña, Patricia García de Olalla, Santiago Perez-Hoyos and Joan A Caylà
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:338
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. In Tak province of Thailand, a number of adolescent students who migrated from Burma have resided in the boarding houses of migrant schools. This study investigated mental health status and its relationship wi...

    Authors: Takeshi Akiyama, Thar Win, Cynthia Maung, Paw Ray, Kayako Sakisaka, Aya Tanabe, Jun Kobayashi and Masamine Jimba
    Citation: BMC Public Health 2013 13:337
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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