Rural-urban difference in meeting the need for healthcare and food among older adults: evidence from India

BMC Public Health

Table 4 Association between the unmet need for food and health with socio-economic characteristics of elderly in India, LASI Wave-1 (2017-18)

Variables	Unmet need for food		Unmet need for health
Variables	Unadjusted	Adjusted	Unadjusted	Adjusted
Residence
Urban	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Rural	1.86***(1.65 2.09)	1.53***(1.35 1.74)	1.17**(1.04 1.33)	1.05 (0.91 1.2)
Age
60–74		1.00		1.00
75–84		0.98 (0.85 1.11)		1.68***(1.46 1.94)
85+		0.94 (0.74 1.19)		3.36***(2.79 4.04)
Sex
Male		1.00		1.00
Female		0.89**(0.79 1)		1.14*(1 1.3)
Religion
Hindu		1.00		1.00
Muslim		1.53***(1.32 1.78)		0.71***(0.57 0.88)
Christian		0.79**(0.64 0.98)		1.79***(1.47 2.17)
Others		1.13 (0.89 1.43)		0.62***(0.44 0.89)
Social Group
SC		1.00		1.00
ST		0.74***(0.62 0.87)		0.93 (0.75 1.15)
OBC		0.73***(0.64 0.84)		1.1 (0.93 1.31)
Others		0.62***(0.53 0.73)		0.88 (0.72 1.07)
MPCE
Poor		1.00		1.00
Middle		0.74***(0.65 0.85)		0.69***(0.59 0.8)
Rich		0.57***(0.51 0.65)		0.59***(0.51 0.68)
Education
No education		1.00		1.00
Less than primary		1.02 (0.87 1.19)		0.91 (0.76 1.1)
Primary		0.66***(0.55 0.8)		0.9 (0.74 1.1)
Secondary		0.52***(0.42 0.63)		0.84*(0.68 1.03)
Higher secondary and		0.33***(0.23 0.47)		0.67**(0.49 0.93)
Living Arrangement
living with spouse/children/other		1.00		1.00
living alone		2.55***(2.12 3.06)		1.05 (0.83 1.34)
living with spouse and children		0.75***(0.65 0.87)		0.85*(0.71 1.02)
living with others only		1.4***(1.13 1.73)		1.21*(0.98 1.5)
Marital Status
currently married		1.00		1.00
Not in union		0.81***(0.7 0.95)		1.22**(1.02 1.46)
Household size
6+		1.00		1.00
1–5		1.55***(1.37 1.75)		1.13*(0.99 1.29)

*Significant at 10% level. **Significant at 5% level. ***Significant at 1% level

ISSN: 1471-2458