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Table 3 The weighted demographic characters of the study sample stratified by biological sex, sexual identity, and depressive symptoms, NHANES 2005 to 2014

From: The descriptive analysis of depressive symptoms and White Blood Cell (WBC) count between the sexual minorities and heterosexual identifying individuals in a nationally representative sample: 2005–2014

Variable

Male

n = 6,880

Female

n = 7,210

 

Heterosexual

n = 6,541

95.2% (94.2–96.1)

Sexual minority b

n = 339

4.8% (3.9–5.8)

Heterosexual

n = 6,654

93.1% (92.3–93.8)

Sexual minority b

n = 556

6.9% (6.2–7.7)

 

No depressive symptoms a

n = 6,126

Depressive symptoms

n = 415

p-value

No depressive symptoms a

n = 305

Depressive symptoms

n = 38

p-value

No depressive symptoms a

n = 5,890

Depressive symptoms

n = 764

p-value

No depressive symptoms a

n = 433

Depressive symptoms

n = 123

p-value

Age c

  

0.016

  

0.077

  

< 0.001

  

0.569

 < 40

49.8% (47.9%-51.7%)

42.2% (36.7%-47.8%)

 

49.3% (41.5%-57.0%)

66.6% (47.2%-81.6%)

 

48.1% (46.2%-50.0%)

38.7% (34.7%-42.9%)

 

62.9% (56.7%-68.8%)

66.6% (55.6%-67.1%)

 

 >  = 40

50.2% (48.3%-52.1%)

57.8% (52.2%-63.3%)

 

50.7% (43.0%-58.5%)

33.4% (18.4%-52.8%)

 

51.9% (50.0%-53.8%)

61.3% (57.1%-65.3%)

 

37.1% (31.2%-43.3%)

33.4% (23.9%-44.4%)

 

Race

  

0.101

  

0.468

  

< 0.001

  

0.089

 White

68.3% (65.3%-71.3%)

65.6% (59.1%-71.6%)

 

67.5% (60.9%-73.5%)

58.0% (39.4%-74.6%)

 

67.8% (65.5%-71.9%)

63.2% (75.6%-68.5%)

 

61.5% (55.2%-67.4%)

66.9% (57.7%-75.0%)

 

 Black

10.0% (8.7%-11.4%)

12.9% (9.4%-17.6%)

 

11.0% (0.8%-14.9%)

11.4% (5.1%-23.7%)

 

11.4% (9.6%-13.3%)

15.4% (12.6%-18.5%)

 

51.8% (11.9%-20.7%)

18.8% (13.1%-36.2%)

 

 Hispanic

5.1% (4.1%-6.4%)

6.6% (4.6%-9.3%)

 

5.7% (3.9%-8.2%)

11.6% (4.2%-28.4%)

 

5.1% (4.2%-6.2%)

7.9% (5.6%-11.0%)

 

4.6% (2.8%-7.3%)

4.9% (2.3%-9.8%)

 

 Other d

16.6% (14.7%-18.7%)

14.9% (11.3%-19.4%)

 

15.8% (12.2%-20.3%)

18.9% (7.7%-39.5%)

 

14.7% (13.0%-16.6%)

13.6% (10.8%-17.0%)

 

18.2% (14.6%-22.4%)

9.4% (5.3%-16.2%)

 

Education

  

< 0.001

  

0.002

  

< 0.001

  

0.246

 B.A. and above

29.3% (27.1%-31.5%)

11.3% (7.6%-16.4%)

 

39.8% (31.8%-48.5%)

8.0% (1.8%-28.8%)

 

34.6% (32.0%-37.3%)

13.9% (10.4%-18.3%)

 

25.3% (20.0%-31.4%)

15.5% (8.6%-26.4%)

 

 A.A. and some college

31.2% (29.6%-32.8%)

34.6% (39.4%-40.3%)

 

30.8% (25.0%-21.2%)

30.4% (15.9%-50.2%)

 

34.7% (33.0%-36.4%)

37.7% (33.1%-42.6%)

 

34.7% (29.8%-40.0%)

36.6% (25.9%-48.7%)

 

 High school

24.1% (22.4%-25.9%)

30.6% (25.9%-35.6%)

 

15.7% (11.0%-21.8%)

33.6% (18.5%-53.0%)

 

19.1% (17.6%-20.7%)

24.8% (20.9%-29.2%)

 

21.5% (17.4%-26.3%)

24.9% (16.7%-35.5%)

 

 Did not complete high school

15.5% (14.1%-17.1%)

23.6% (19.2%-28.5%)

 

13.7% (9.8%-18.9%)

28.0% (14.9%-46.4%)

 

11.6% (10.3%-13.1%)

23.5% (20.0%-27.6%)

 

18.5% (14.8%-22.9%)

22.9% (15.6%-32.3%)

 

Income e

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  

0.013

 High

40.0% (37.7%-42.5%)

20.4% (15.0%-27.2%)

 

28.9% (31.2%-47.2%)

2.9% (0.6%-11.9%)

 

39.9% (37.4%-42.5%)

18.7% (15.2%-22.9%)

 

26.2% (20.8%-32.3%)

16.7% (10.0%-26.5%)

 

 Middle

28.8% (27.0%-30.5%)

21.2% (16.2%-27.3%)

 

30.0% (24.4%-36.1%)

28.9% (13.7%-51.0%)

 

29.4% (27.7%-31.1%)

34.8% (2.00%-28.0%)

 

25.8% (20.7%-31.7%)

14.7% (8.4%-24.5%)

 

 Low

18.0% (16.7%-19.4%)

29.8% (25.2%-35.0%)

 

16.9% (12.6%-22.3%)

21.8% (7.8%-47.8%)

 

17.1% (15.9%-18.4%)

27.9% (24.2%-31.9%)

 

34.7% (19.0%-29.3%)

29.6% (19.9%-41.6%)

 

 Poverty

13.2% (11.9%-14.7%)

28.6% (24.5%-33.0%)

 

14.3% (10.6%-18.9%)

46.5% (26.3%-67.9%)

 

13.5% (12.1%-15.0%)

29.6% (25.2%-34.4%)

 

24.3% (20.2%-28.9%)

39.0% (30.9%-47.8%)

 

Smoking status

  

< 0.001

  

0.002

  

< 0.001

  

0.004

 Non-smokers

52.8% (50.9%-54.7%)

33.1% (26.1%-40.9%)

 

49.9% (42.0%-57.7%)

25.8% (13.0%-44.6%)

 

63.2% (61.1%-65.2%)

41.2% (36.8%-45.7%)

 

51.2% (45.2%-57.1%)

30.3% (20.7%-41.9%)

 

 Former smokers

21.7% (20.4%-23.1%)

22.7% (18.0%-28.3%)

 

20.3% (15.1%-26.7%)

10.0% (2.6%-31.5%)

 

18.0% (16.5%-19.7%)

15.3% (11.8%-19.8%)

 

16.7% (12.1%-22.5%)

16.2% (9.0%-27.3%)

 

 Current smokers

25.5% (23.8%-27.2%)

44.2% (38.0%-50.6%)

 

29.9% (23.0%-37.8%)

64.2% (44.8%-79.9%)

 

18.8% (17.2%-20.5%)

43.5% (38.4%-48.7%)

 

32.2% (27.6%-37.1%)

53.6% (43.7%-63.2%)

 

BMI

  

0.148

  

0.597

  

< 0.001

  

0.420

 Underweight

1.0% (0.7%-1.3%)

0.8% (0.3%-2.0%)

 

1.3% (0.6%-2.9%)

1.0% (0.1%-7.3%)

 

2.2% (1.7%-2.7%)

1.8% (0.9%-3.8%)

 

3.5% (1.9%-6.5%)

3.5% (0.8%-13.3%)

 

 Normal

25.5% (23.9%-27.1%)

29.4% (23.2%-36.4%)

 

35.7% (30.2%-41.6%)

41.3% (21.4%-64.5%)

 

35.6% (338%-37.5%)

21.8% (18.8%-25.2%)

 

30.1% (23.8%-37.2%)

31.2% (22.7%-41.3%)

 

 Overweight

38.9% (37.3%-40.4%)

31.9% (26.4%-37.8%)

 

35.3% (30.0%-41.1%)

23.8% (9.8%-47.1%)

 

26.9% (25.3%-28.5%)

25.7% (21.6%-30.4%)

 

21.8% (17.4%-27.0%)

13.4% (7.8%-22.1%)

 

 Obese

34.7% (32.9%-36.6%)

38.0% (32.0%-44.5%)

 

27.6% (27.3%-33.8%)

34.0% (17.8%-55.2%)

 

35.3% (33.7%-37.0%)

50.6% (45.8%-55.4%)

 

44.6% (34.3%-25.1%)

51.8% (41.4%-62.2%)

 

Mean WBC (1000 cells/ul)

  

0.002

  

0.74

  

< 0.001

  

0.005

 Mean (95% confidence interval)

7.20 (7.11–7.28)

7.68 (7.37 – 8.00)

 

6.87 (6.62–7.11)

6.99 (6.22 – 7.77)

 

7.35 (7.26–7.44)

7.96 (7.76 – 8.15)

 

7.47 (7.21 – 7.73)

8.20 (7.71 – 8.69)

 

Year

  

0.321

  

0.351

  

0.009

  

0.850

 2005–2006

20.3% (18.0%-22.7%)

17.0% (13.0%-22.1%)

 

21.3% (15.1%-29.3%)

20.1% (8.0%-24.1%)

 

21.5% (18.8%-24.5%)

14.4% (10.7%-19.0%)

 

17.0% (12.4%-23.0%)

14.7% (8.4%-22.5%)

 

 2007–2008

19.7% (17.4%-22.3%)

19.5% (13.8%-26.7%)

 

17.4% (10.6%-27.1%)

5.5% (1.9%-15.2%)

 

19.7% (17.1%-22.6%)

22.7% (18.0%-28.2%)

 

19.3% (14.6%-25.0%)

15.2% (9.3%-23.6%)

 

 2009–2010

19.4% (17.3%-21.7%)

22.2% (17.5%-27.8%)

 

15.8% (11.2%-21.9%)

24.2% (12.8%-41.0%)

 

18.8% (16.6%-21.2%)

19.4% (16.5%-22.6%)

 

18.9% (14.0%-25.0%)

21.3% (13.7%-31.5%)

 

 2011–2012

19.6% (17.2%-22.3%)

34.8% (17.8%-30.9%)

 

23.1% (14.4%-34.7%)

26.9% (13.4%-46.7%)

 

19.8% (14.4%-22.5%)

19.0% (15.0%-23.8%)

 

19.9% (16.0%-24.4%)

32.1% (13.0%-37.7%)

 

 2013–2014

20.9% (18.7%-23.4%)

17.5% (12.5%-23.9%)

 

22.4% (17.3%-28.6%)

23.2% (9.0%-48.1%)

 

20.1% (17.9%-22.6%)

14.5% (20.7%-28.8%)

 

24.9% (20.3%-30.1%)

25.7% (16.3%-38.2%)

 
  1. a Participants were considered to have depressive symptoms if the PHQ-9 score was > 10
  2. b Participants were sexual minorities if they were gay/lesbian, bisexual, not sure about their sexual identities, or other sexual orientations
  3. c 40 was the median of participants’ age
  4. d Other races included Mexican American, Asian, and other races, including multi-racial
  5. e Poverty-income ratio (PIR) was used to categorize income: poverty (PIR < 1), low income (1.0 ≤ PIR < 2.0), middle income (2.0 ≤ PIR < 4.0), and high income (PIR ≥ 4.0)
  6. f Rao-Scott Chi-square test was used to calculate the P-value
  7. g t-test was used to calculate the P-value