Feldman J, Romine RS, Bockting WO. HIV risk behaviors in the US transgender population: prevalence and predictors in a large internet sample. J Homosex. 2014;61(11):1558–88.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Baral SD, Poteat T, Strömdahl S, Wirtz AL, Guadamuz TE, Beyrer C. Worldwide burden of HIV in transgender women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13(3):214–22.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention: HIV among transgender people. 2017. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/gender/transgender/index.html. Accessed 31 Aug 2021.
Stangl AL, Lloyd JK, Brady LM, Holland CE, Baral S. A systematic review of interventions to reduce HIV-related stigma and discrimination from 2002 to 2013: how far have we come? J Int AIDS Soc. 2013;16:18734.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pitasi MA, Oraka E, Clark H, Town M, DiNenno EA. HIV testing among transgender women and men—27 states and Guam, 2014–2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017;66(33):883.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bradford J, Reisner SL, Honnold JA, Xavier J. Experiences of transgender-related discrimination and implications for health: results from the Virginia Transgender Health Initiative Study. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(10):1820–9.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Shires DA, Jaffee K. Factors associated with health care discrimination experiences among a national sample of female-to-male transgender individuals. Health Soc Work. 2015;40(2):134–41.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Macapagal K, Bhatia R, Greene GJ. Differences in healthcare access, use, and experiences within a community sample of racially diverse lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning emerging adults. LGBT health. 2016;3(6):434–42.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Maragh-Bass AC, Torain M, Adler R, Schneider E, Ranjit A, Kodadek LM, Shields R, German D, Snyder C, Peterson S. Risks, benefits, and importance of collecting sexual orientation and gender identity data in healthcare settings: a multi-method analysis of patient and provider perspectives. LGBT health. 2017;4(2):141–52.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Magno L, Silva LAVd, Veras MA, Pereira-Santos M, Dourado I. Silva LAVd, Veras MA, Pereira-Santos M, Dourado I: Estigma e discriminação relacionados à identidade de gênero e à vulnerabilidade ao HIV/aids entre mulheres transgênero: revisão sistemática. Cadernos de Saúde Pública. 2019;35(4):e00112718.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rodríguez-Madera S, Toro-Alfonso J. Gender as an obstacle in HIV/AIDS prevention: Considerations for the development of HIV/AIDS prevention efforts for male-to-female transgenders. IJT. 2005;8(2–3):113–22.
Google Scholar
Snow J. Blueprint for the provision of comprehensive care for trans persons and their communities in the Caribbean and other Anglophone countries. 2014.
Google Scholar
Quinn VP, Nash R, Hunkeler E, Contreras R, Cromwell L, Becerra-Culqui TA, Getahun D, Giammattei S, Lash TL, Millman A. Cohort profile: Study of Transition, Outcomes and Gender (STRONG) to assess health status of transgender people. BMJ Open. 2017;7(12):e018121.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
World Health Organization. Report on the WHO/TDR consultation on promoting implementation/operational research in countries receiving grants from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria: Domaine de Penthes, Geneva, Switzerland 9–10 December 2015. World Health Organization; 2016.
Google Scholar
Kenagy GP. Transgender health: Findings from two needs assessment studies in Philadelphia. Health Soc Work. 2005;30(1):19–26.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Spiegelman D, Hertzmark E. Easy SAS calculations for risk or prevalence ratios and differences. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;162(3):199–200.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tamhane AR, Westfall AO, Burkholder GA, Cutter GR. Prevalence odds ratio versus prevalence ratio: choice comes with consequences. Stat Med. 2016;35(30):5730–5.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
McNutt L-A, Wu C, Xue X, Hafner JP. Estimating the relative risk in cohort studies and clinical trials of common outcomes. Am J Epidemiol. 2003;157(10):940–3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yaya S, Shibre G, Idriss-Wheeler D, Uthman OA. Women’s empowerment and HIV testing uptake: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys from 33 sub-Saharan African countries. IJMA. 2020;9(3):274.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ha JH, Van Lith LM, Mallalieu EC, Chidassicua J, Pinho MD, Devos P, Wirtz AL. Gendered relationship between HIV stigma and HIV testing among men and women in Mozambique: a cross-sectional study to inform a stigma reduction and male-targeted HIV testing intervention. BMJ Open. 2019;9(10):e029748.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lyu H, Zhou Y, Dai W, Zhen S, Huang S, Zhou L, Huang L, Tang W. Solidarity and HIV Testing Willingness During the COVID-19 Epidemic: A Study Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China. Front Public Health. 2021;9:752965.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Heino E, Ellonen N, Kaltiala R. Transgender identity is associated with bullying involvement among finnish adolescents. Front Psychol. 2021;11:3829.
Article
Google Scholar
Ellman TM, Sexton ME, Warshafsky D, Sobieszczyk ME, Morrison EA. A forgotten population: older adults with newly diagnosed HIV. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2014;28(10):530–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chen W, Zhou F, Hall BJ, Tucker JD, Latkin C, Renzaho AM, Ling L. Is there a relationship between geographic distance and uptake of HIV testing services? A representative population-based study of Chinese adults in Guangzhou, China. PLoS One. 2017;12(7):e0180801.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Ahmed M, Seid A. Factors associated with premarital HIV testing among married women in Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(8):e0235830.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sayal K, Heron J, Golding J, Emond A. Prenatal alcohol exposure and gender differences in childhood mental health problems: a longitudinal population-based study. Pediatrics. 2007;119(2):e426–34.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dalal S. Lee C-w, Farirai T, Schilsky A, Goldman T, Moore J, Bock NN: Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling: increased uptake in two public community health centers in South Africa and implications for scale-up. PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27293.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Vasilenko SA, Evans-Polce RJ, Lanza ST. Age trends in rates of substance use disorders across ages 18–90: Differences by gender and race/ethnicity. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017;180:260–4.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Pepito VCF, Newton S. Determinants of HIV testing among Filipino women: results from the 2013 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey. PLoS One. 2020;15(5):e0232620.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Mucha L, Stephenson J, Morandi N, Dirani R. Meta-analysis of disease risk associated with smoking, by gender and intensity of smoking. Gend Med. 2006;3(4):279–91.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Leta TH, Sandøy IF, Fylkesnes K. Factors affecting voluntary HIV counselling and testing among men in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):1–12.
Article
Google Scholar
Diamant AL, Wold C, Spritzer K, Gelberg L. Health behaviors, health status, and access to and use of health care: a population-based study of lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual women. Arch Fam Med. 2000;9(10):1043.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
VanderWeele TJ, Ding P. Sensitivity analysis in observational research: introducing the E-value. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167(4):268–74.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Harper GW, Jadwin-Cakmak LA, Popoff E, Campbell BA, Granderson R, Wesp LM. Interventions AMTNfHA: Transgender and other gender-diverse youth’s progression through the HIV continuum of care: socioecological system barriers. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2019;33(1):32–43.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mayer KH, Grinsztejn B, El-Sadr WM. Transgender people and HIV prevention: what we know and what we need to know, a call to action. J Acquired Immune Defic Syndr. 2016;72(3):S207.
Article
Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention: HIV among transgender people. Atlanta: CDC; 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/gender/transgender/index.html. Accessed 31 Aug 2021.
Bockting WO, Miner MH, Swinburne Romine RE, Hamilton A, Coleman E. Stigma, mental health, and resilience in an online sample of the US transgender population. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(5):943–51.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hafeez H, Zeshan M, Tahir MA, Jahan N, Naveed S. Health care disparities among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth: a literature review. Cureus. 2017;9(4):e1184.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Day JK, Perez-Brumer A, Russell ST. Safe schools? Transgender youth’s school experiences and perceptions of school climate. J Youth Adolesc. 2018;47(8):1731–42.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Apaydin KZ, Fontenot HB, Shtasel D, Dale SK, Borba CP, Lathan CS, Panther L, Mayer KH, Keuroghlian AS. Facilitators of and barriers to HPV vaccination among sexual and gender minority patients at a Boston community health center. Vaccine. 2018;36(26):3868–75.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Neumann MS, Finlayson TJ, Pitts NL, Keatley J. Comprehensive HIV prevention for transgender persons. Am J Public Health. 2017;107(2):207–12.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Tawasil JR, Salvador VD, Juban NR, Chan MB. HIV/AIDS education in health professionals training in the Philippines. 2012.
Google Scholar
Asuncion I, Segarra A, Samonte, GMJ, Palaypayon NS, Bermejo MR. The state of the Philippine HIV Epidemic 2016: Facing challenges, forging solutions. Manila: Department of Health. National HIV/AIDS & STI; 2017.
Department of Health Epidemiology Bureau, Philippines: IHBSS fact sheets, Integrative HIV Behavioral and Serological Surveillance. In. Edited by Health Do. Manila; 2018. https://www.aidsdatahub.org/resource/factsheets-2018-integrated-hiv-behavioral-serologic-surveillance-ihbss. Accessed 31 Aug 2021.
Restar AJ, Jin H, Ogunbajo A, Adia A, Surace A, Hernandez L, Cu-Uvin S, Operario D. Differences in HIV risk and healthcare engagement factors in Filipinx transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men who reported being HIV negative, HIV positive or HIV unknown. J Int AIDS Soc. 2020;23(8):e25582.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sukhija-Cohen AC, Beymer MR, Engeran-Cordova W, Bolan RK. From control to crisis: the resurgence of sexually transmitted diseases. Sex Transm Dis. 2019;46(2):e8.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Antebi-Gruszka N, Talan AJ, Reisner SL, Rendina HJ. Sociodemographic and behavioural factors associated with testing for HIV and STIs in a US nationwide sample of transgender men who have sex with men. STIs. 2020;96(6):422–7.
Google Scholar
Sharma A, Kahle E, Todd K, Peitzmeier S, Stephenson R. Variations in testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections across gender identity among transgender youth. Transgender health. 2019;4(1):46–57.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Olakunde BO, Pharr JR, Adeyinka DA, Conserve DF. Nonuptake of HIV Testing Among Transgender Populations in the United States: Results from the 2015 US Transgender Survey. Transgender Health. 2021.
MacKellar DA, Hou S-I, Whalen CC, Samuelsen K, Sanchez T, Smith A, Denson D, Lansky A, Sullivan P, Group WS. Reasons for not HIV testing, testing intentions, and potential use of an over-the-counter rapid HIV test in an internet sample of men who have sex with men who have never tested for HIV. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38(5):419–28.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Febo-Vazquez I, Copen CE, Daugherty J. Main Reasons for Never Testing for HIV Among Women and Men Aged 15–44 in the United States, 2011–2015. Natl Health Stat Rep. 2018;107:1–12.
Google Scholar
Bond KT, Frye V, Taylor R, Williams K, Bonner S, Lucy D, Cupid M, Weiss L, Team STS. Koblin BA,: Knowing is not enough: a qualitative report on HIV testing among heterosexual African-American men. AIDS care. 2015;27(2):182–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Weis KE, Liese AD, Hussey J, Coleman J, Powell P, Gibson JJ, Duffus WA. A routine HIV screening program in a South Carolina community health center in an area of low HIV prevalence. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2009;23(4):251–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roberts TK, Fantz CR. Barriers to quality health care for the transgender population. Clin Biochem. 2014;47(10–11):983–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jadwin-Cakmak L, Reisner SL, Hughto JM, Salomon L, Martinez M, Popoff E, Rivera BA, Harper GW. HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the US. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1–15.
Article
Google Scholar
Burke RC, Sepkowitz KA, Bernstein KT, Karpati AM, Myers JE, Tsoi BW, Begier EM. Why don’t physicians test for HIV? A review of the US literature. AIDS. 2007;21(12):1617–24.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Palumbo R. Discussing the effects of poor health literacy on patients facing HIV: a narrative literature review. Int J Health Policy Manag. 2015;4(7):417.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
White BL, Walsh J, Rayasam S, Pathman DE, Adimora AA, Golin CE. What makes me screen for HIV? Perceived barriers and facilitators to conducting recommended routine HIV testing among primary care physicians in the southeastern United States. (JIAPAC). 2015;14(2):127–35.
Google Scholar
Pal K, Ngin C, Tuot S, Chhoun P, Ly C, Chhim S, Luong M-A, Tatomir B, Yi S. Acceptability study on HIV self-testing among transgender women, men who have sex with men, and female entertainment workers in Cambodia: a qualitative analysis. PLoS One. 2016;11(11):e0166129.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Gohil J, Baja ES, Sy TR, Guevara EG, Hemingway C, Medina PMB, Coppens L, Dalmacion GV, Taegtmeyer M. Is the Philippines ready for HIV self-testing? BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Cousins S. The fastest growing HIV epidemic in the western Pacific. The Lancet HIV. 2018;5(8):e412–3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Reisner SL, Radix A, Deutsch MB. Integrated and gender-affirming transgender clinical care and research. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016;72(Suppl 3):S235.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cortes R O03.5 Isean-hivos philippines: strengthening capacities of community-based organisations (CBO) through organisational development (OD) for sustainability of community-led hiv and rights-based interventions Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2017;93:A6-7.
Cousins S. LoveYourself: a safe environment for testing and treatment. The Lancet HIV. 2018;5(8):e415.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Myers T, Worthington C, Haubrich DJ, Ryder K, Calzavara L. HIV testing and counseling: test providers’ experiences of best practices. AIDS Educ Prev. 2003;15(4:Special issue):309–19.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vangen S, Huxham C. Nurturing collaborative relations: Building trust in interorganizational collaboration. J Appl Behav Sci. 2003;39(1):5–31.
Article
Google Scholar
Woods WJ, Erwin K, Lazarus M, Serice H, Grinstead O, Binson D. Building stakeholder partnerships for an on-site HIV testing programme. Cult Health Sex. 2008;10(3):249–62.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Prost A, Chopin M, McOwan A, Elam G, Dodds J, Macdonald N, Imrie J. “There is such a thing as asking for trouble”: taking rapid HIV testing to gay venues is fraught with challenges. Sexually Transmitted Infections. 2007;83(3):185–8.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Dilley JW, Woods WJ, Sabatino J, Lihatsh T, Adler B, Casey S, Rinaldi J, Brand R, McFarland W. Changing sexual behavior among gay male repeat testers for HIV: a randomized, controlled trial of a single-session intervention. J Acquired Immune Defici Syndr. 2002;30(2):177–86.
Article
Google Scholar
Broaddus MR, Owczarzak J, Schumann C, Koester KA. Fostering a “feeling of worth” among vulnerable HIV populations: the role of linkage to care specialists. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2017;31(10):438–46.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zamudio-Haas S, Maiorana A, Gomez LG, Myers J. “ No estas solo”: navigation programs support engagement in HIV care for Mexicans and Puerto Ricans living in the continental US. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2019;30(2):866–87.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Santos G-M, Wilson EC, Rapues J, Macias O, Packer T, Raymond HF. HIV treatment cascade among transgender women in a San Francisco respondent driven sampling study. STIs. 2014;90(5):430–3.
Google Scholar
Sevelius JM, Carrico A, Johnson MO. Antiretroviral therapy adherence among transgender women living with HIV. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2010;21(3):256–64.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Melendez RM, Exner TA, Ehrhardt AA, Dodge B, Remien RH, Rotheram-Borus M-J, Lightfoot M, Hong D. Team NIoMHHLP: Health and health care among male-to-female transgender persons who are HIV positive. Am J Public Health. 2006;96(6):1034–7.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yehia BR, Fleishman JA, Moore RD, Gebo KA. Retention in care and health outcomes of transgender persons living with HIV. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;57(5):774–6.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
White E, Armstrong BK, Saracci R. Principles of exposure measurement in epidemiology: collecting, evaluating and improving measures of disease risk factors. OUP Oxford; 2008.