World Health Organization. WHO | Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2014. In: WHO [Internet]. [cited 12 Feb 2018]. Available: http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd-status-report-2014/en/
WHO | Physical activity and young people. In: WHO [Internet]. [cited 12 Feb 2018]. Available: http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_young_people/en/
Hallal PC, Andersen LB, Bull FC, Guthold R, Haskell W, Ekelund U. Global physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet. 2012;380(9838):247–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60646-1.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sallis JF, Prochaska JJ, Taylor WC. A review of correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(5):963–75. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200005000-00014.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Scheerder J, Taks M, Vanreusel B, Renson R. Social changes in youth sports participation styles 1969–1999: the case of Flanders (Belgium). Sport Educ Soc. 2005;10(3):321–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573320500255080.
Article
Google Scholar
Telama R, Yang X. Decline of physical activity from youth to young adulthood in Finland. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(9):1617–22. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200009000-00015.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Baldursdottir B, Valdimarsdottir HB, Krettek A, Gylfason HF, Sigfusdottir ID. Age-related differences in physical activity and depressive symptoms among 10−19-year-old adolescents: a population based study. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2017;28:91–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.10.007.
Article
Google Scholar
Barreira TV, Schuna JM, Mire EF, Broyles ST, Katzmarzyk PT, Johnson WD, et al. Normative Steps/day and peak cadence values for United States children and adolescents: national health and nutrition examination survey 2005–2006. J Pediatr. 2015;166:139–143.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.09.014.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cl C, Cameron C, Tudor-Locke C. CANPLAY pedometer normative reference data for 21,271 children and 12,956 adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013;45:123–9. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31826a0f3a.
Article
Google Scholar
(Ed) Whitehead M. Physical Literacy -Throughout the Lifecourse. Routledge; London & New York; 2010.
Dudley DA. A conceptual model of observed physical literacy. Physical Educator. 2015;72:236–60.
Google Scholar
Robinson LE, Stodden DF, Barnett LM, Lopes VP, Logan SW, Rodrigues LP, et al. Motor competence and its effect on positive developmental trajectories of health. Sports Med. 2015;45(9):1273–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0351-6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lisa M. Barnett, David F. Stodden, Ryan M. Hulteen, Ryan S. Sacko. Motor Competence Assessment. The Routledge Handbook of Youth Physical Activity. Routledge; 2020.
Lima RA, Pfeiffer K, Larsen LR, Bugge A, Moller NC, Anderson LB, et al. Physical activity and motor competence present a positive reciprocal longitudinal relationship across childhood and early adolescence. J Phys Act Health. 2017;14(6):440–7. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0473.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lubans DR, Morgan PJ, Cliff DP, Barnett LM, Okely AD. Fundamental movement skills in children and adolescents -review of associated health benefits. Sports Med. 2010;40(12):1019–35. https://doi.org/10.2165/11536850-000000000-00000.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Holfelder B, Schott N. Relationship of fundamental movement skills and physical activity in children and dolescents: a systematic review. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2014;15(4):382–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.03.005.
Article
Google Scholar
Barnett LM, Lai SK, Veldman SLC, Hardy LL, Cliff DP, Morgan PJ, et al. Correlates of gross motor competence in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2016;46(11):1663–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0495-z.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Geertsen SS, Thomas R, Larsen MN, Dahn IM, Andersen JN, Krause-Jensen M, et al. Motor skills and exercise capacity are associated with objective measures of cognitive functions and academic performance in preadolescent children. Subramanian SK, editor. Plos One. 2016;11: e0161960. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161960
Beck MM, Lind RR, Geertsen SS, Ritz C, Lundbye-Jensen J, Wienecke J. Motor-enriched learning activities can improve mathematical performance in preadolescent children. Front Hum Neurosci. 2016;10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00645.
Clark JE. On the problem of motor skill development. J Phys Educ Recreation Dance. 2007;78(5):39–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2007.10598023.
Article
Google Scholar
Gallahue DL, Goodway J Ozmun JC. Understanding Motor Development: Infants, Children, Adolescents, Adults. 4th ed: McGraw-Hill, New York: 1998.
Clark JE, Metcalfe J. The Mountain of Motor Development: A Metaphor. In Clark JE & Humphrey J (Eds) Motor Development: Research and Reviews: NASPE Publications: Reston, VA; 2002;2:163–190.
Stodden DF, Goodway JD, Langendorfer SJ, Roberton MA, Rudisill ME, Garcia C, et al. A developmental perspective on the role of motor skill competence in physical activity: an emergent relationship. Quest. 2008;60(2):290–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2008.10483582.
Article
Google Scholar
Logan SW, Robinson LE, Wilson AE, Lucas WA. Getting the fundamentals of movement: a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of motor skill interventions in childrencc. Child Care Health Dev. 2011;38:305–15.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lopes VP, Rodrigues LP, Maia JA, Malina RM. Motor coordination as predictor of physical activity in childhood. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011;21:663–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01027.x.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barnett LM, van Beurden E, Morgan PJ, Brooks LO, Beard JR. Childhood motor skill proficiency as a predictor of adolescent physical activity. J Adolesc Health. 2009;44(3):252–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.07.004.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Utesch T, Bardid F, Büsch D, Strauss B. The relationship between motor competence and physical fitness from early childhood to early adulthood: a meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2019;49(4):541–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01068-y.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Khodaverdi Z, Bahram A, Stodden D, Kazemnejad A. The relationship between actual motor competence and physical activity in children: mediating roles of perceived motor competence and health-related physical fitness. J Sports Sci. 2016;34(16):1523–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1122202.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Edwards LC, Bryant AS, Keegan RJ, Morgan K, Jones AM. Definitions, foundations and associations of physical literacy: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2017;47(1):113–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0560-7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cairney J, Dudley D, Kwan M, Bulten R, Kriellaars D. Physical literacy, physical activity and health: toward an evidence-informed conceptual model. Sports Med. 2019;49(3):371–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01063-3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Keegan RJ, Barnett LM, Dudley DA, Telford RD, Lubans DR, Bryant AS, et al. Defining physical literacy for application in Australia: a modified Delphi method. J Teach Phys Educ. 2019;38(2):105–18. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0264.
Article
Google Scholar
Tremblay MS, Costas-Bradstreet C, Barnes JD, Bartlett B, Dampier D, Lalonde C, et al. Canada’s physical literacy consensus statement: process and outcome. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(S2):1034. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5903-x.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Dudley D, Cairney J, Wainwright N, Kriellaars D, Mitchell D. Critical considerations for physical literacy policy in public health, recreation, sport, and education agencies. Quest. 2017;69(4):436–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2016.1268967.
Article
Google Scholar
(Ed) Naylor PJ, Temple VA. Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy. BMC Public Health. 2018:18 Suppl 1. https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/supplements/volume-18-supplement-2.
Wiersma LD. Risks and benefits of youth sport specialization: perspectives and recommendations. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2000;12(1):13–22. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.12.1.13.
Article
Google Scholar
Russell WD, Limle AN. The relationship between youth sport specialization and involvement in sport and physical activity in young adulthood. J Sport Behav. 2013;36:82–98.
Google Scholar
Gould D, Tuffey S, Udry E, Loehr J. Burnout in competitive junior tennis players: I. a quantitative psychological assessment. Sport Psychol. 1996;10(4):322–40. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.10.4.322.
Article
Google Scholar
Bugge A, El-Naaman B, Dencker M, Froberg K, Holme IMK, Mcmurray RG, et al. Effects of a three-year intervention: the Copenhagen school child intervention study. [miscellaneous article]. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012;44(7):1310–7. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31824bd579.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nielsen G. Children’s daily physical activity – patterns and the influence of sociocultural factors. PhD-thesis. Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences University of Copenhagen. 2011.
Eiberg S, Hasselstrom H, Grønfeldt V, Froberg K, Svensson J, Andersen LB. Maximum oxygen uptake and objectively measured physical activity in Danish children 6–7 years of age: the Copenhagen school child intervention study. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39(10):725–30. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2004.015230.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Telford A, Salmon J, Jolley D, Crawford D. Reliability and validity of physical activity questionnaires for children: the Children’s leisure activities study survey (CLASS). Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2004;16(1):64–78. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.16.1.64.
Article
Google Scholar
Booth ML, Okely AD, Chey T, Bauman A. The reliability and validity of the adolescent physical activity recall questionnaire. [miscellaneous article]. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(12):1986–95. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200212000-00019.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
de Vries SI, Bakker I, Hopman-Rock M, Hirasing RA, van Mechelen W. Clinimetric review of motion sensors in children and adolescents. J Clin Epidemiol. 2006;59(7):670–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.11.020.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vale S, Santos R, Silva P, Soares-Miranda L, Mota J. Preschool children physical activity measurement: importance of epoch length choice. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2009;21(4):413–20. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.21.4.413.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Evenson KR, Catellier DJ, Gill K, Ondrak KS, McMurray RG. Calibration of two objective measures of physical activity for children. J Sports Sci. 2008;26(14):1557–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802334196.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Trost SG, Loprinzi PD, Moore R, Pfeiffer KA. Comparison of accelerometer cut points for predicting activity intensity in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43(7):1360–8. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318206476e.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kiphard EJ, Schilling F. Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder. Weinheim: Beltz Test GmbH; 1974.
Google Scholar
Fransen J, D’Hondt E, Bourgois J, Vaeyens R, Philippaerts RM, Lenoir M. Motor competence assessment in children: convergent and discriminant validity between the BOT-2 short form and KTK testing batteries. Res Dev Disabil. 2014;35(6):1375–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2014.03.011.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
D’Hondt E, Deforche B, Gentier I, Verstuyf J, Vaeyens R, Bourdeaudhuij ID, et al. A longitudinal study of gross motor coordination and weight status in children. Obesity. 2014;22(6):1505–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20723.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vandorpe B, Vandendriessche J, Lefevre J, Pion J, Vaeyens R, Matthys S, et al. The KörperkoordinationsTest für kinder: reference values and suitability for 6–12-year-old children in Flanders. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011;21(3):378–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01067.x.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vandendriessche JB, Vandorpe BFR, Vaeyens R, Malina RM, Lefevre J, Lenoir M, et al. Variation in sport participation, fitness and motor coordination with socioeconomic status among Flemish children. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2012;24(1):113–28. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.24.1.113.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vandorpe B, Vandendriessche J, Vaeyens R, Pion J, Lefevre J, Philippaerts R, et al. Factors discriminating gymnasts by competitive level. Int J Sports Med. 2011;32(08):591–7. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1275300.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vandendriessche JB, Vaeyens R, Vandorpe B, Lenoir M, Lefevre J, Philippaerts RM. Biological maturation, morphology, fitness, and motor coordination as part of a selection strategy in the search for international youth soccer players (age 15–16 years). J Sports Sci. 2012;30(15):1695–703. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.652654.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rudd J, Butson ML, Barnett L, Farrow D, Berry J, Borkoles E, et al. A holistic measurement model of movement competency in children. J Sports Sci. 2016;34(5):477–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1061202.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rosseel Y. Lavaan: an R package for structural equation modeling. Journal of Staistic Software. 2012;48(2):1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18637/jss.v048.i02.
Wood AM, White IR, Thompson SG. Are missing outcome data adequately handled? A review of published randomized controlled trials in major medical journals. Clin Trials. 2004;1(4):368–76. https://doi.org/10.1191/1740774504cn032oa.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hu L, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equ Model Multidiscip J. 1999;6(1):1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118.
Article
Google Scholar
Hulteen RM, Morgan PJ, Barnett LM, Stodden DF, Lubans DR. Development of foundational movement skills: a conceptual model for physical activity across the lifespan. Sports Med. 2018;48(7):1533–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0892-6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dudley D, Okely A, Pearson P, Cotton W. A systematic review of the effectiveness of physical education and school sport interventions targeting physical activity, movement skills and enjoyment of physical activity. Eur Phys Educ Rev. 2011;17(3):353–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X11416734.
Article
Google Scholar
Barnett LM, van Beurden E, Morgan PJ, Brooks LO, Zask A, Beard JR. Six year follow-up of students who participated in a school-based physical activity intervention: a longitudinal cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Activ. 2009;6(1):48. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-6-48.
Article
Google Scholar
McKenzie TL, Sallis JF, Broyles SL, Zive MM, Nader PR, Berry CC, et al. Childhood movement skills: predictors of physical activity in Anglo American and Mexican American adolescents? Res Q Exerc Sport. 2002;73:238–44.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Malina RM. Tracking of physical activity and physical fitness across the lifespan. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1996;67:S48.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Stone AA, Shiffman S. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in behavorial medicine. Ann Behav Med. 1994;16(3):199–202. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/16.3.199.
Article
Google Scholar
Shiffman S, Stone AA, Hufford MR. Ecological momentary assessment. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2008;4(1):1–32. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091415.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Andersen LB, Riddoch C, Kriemler S, Hills A. Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in children. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(11):871–6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2011-090333.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Godfrey KM, Gluckman PD, Hanson MA. Developmental origins of metabolic disease: life course and intergenerational perspectives. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2010;21(4):199–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2009.12.008.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jurbala P. What is physical literacy, really? Quest. 2015;67(4):367–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2015.1084341.
Article
Google Scholar
Myer GD, Jayanthi N, DiFiori JP, Faigenbaum AD, Kiefer AW, Logerstedt D, et al. Sports specialization, part II: alternative solutions to early sport specialization in youth athletes. Sports Health. 2016;8(1):65–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738115614811.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Nielsen G, Bugge A, Hermansen B, Svensson J, Andersen LB. School playground facilities as a determinant of Children’s daily activity: a cross-sectional study of Danish primary school children. J Phys Act Health. 2012;9(1):104–14. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.9.1.104.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar