Table 4 Outcome and other variables and their levels
From: Increasing active travel: aims, methods and baseline measures of a quasi-experimental study
Level | Source | Variable | Measures |
|---|---|---|---|
Outcome measures | |||
City | Ministry of Health | Road crash injuries | Hospitalisations (no.) |
| Â | Â | Â | Deaths (no.) |
|  | Selected schools | Mode of travel to school | Hands up in school’ surveys: Frequency by mode (no.) |
Individual | Face-to-face survey | Distance and time by journey purpose | Work/study/shopping/leisure/accompanying family or friends (km, minutes) |
| Â | Â | Distance and time by mode | Walk-run/cycle/bus/car/other (km, minutes) |
| Â | Â | Physical activity (walking) | Days moderate/vigorous walking in last 7 (no.) |
| Â | Â | Â | Time taken, moderate/vigorous walking (hrs) |
| Â | Â | Physical activity (cycling) | Days regular/vigorous cycling in last 7 (no.) |
| Â | Â | Â | Time taken, regular/vigorous cycling (hrs) |
| Â | Â | Â | Frequency of cycling, last 4Â weeks/12Â months (no.) |
| Â | Â | Public transport use | Frequency, last 4 wks/12Â months (no./yes or no) |
| Â | Â | Attitudes affecting mode choice | Rating |
| Â | Â | Habits, perceptions of modes | Mode choice for regular activities, ratings |
| Â | Â | Awareness of MCP | Yes/no; Source of awareness; participation |
| Â | Â | Well-being in recent weeks | SF36 short form ratings |
Independent variables and potential confounders | |||
City | NZ Census 2006, 2013 | Population growth | People (no.) |
| Â | Â | Average personal income | Personal income before tax ($) |
| Â | District council | Traffic levels | On-road traffic counts (cyclists, pedestrians, cars) (no.) |
| Â | NZ Census 2006 | Small-area socio-economic deprivation | NZDep index |
Household | Face-to-face survey | Modal access | Access to a functioning bicycle (yes/no) |
| Â | Â | Â | Access to a car (yes/no) |
| Â | Google Maps | Distance to infrastructure | Home-infrastructure distance (km) |
| Â | Accessibility to local destinations | Walkability score (index) | |
| Â | Accessibility to CBD | Transit score (index) | |
Individual | Face-to-face survey | Distance to work | Home-work distance (km) |
| Â | Â | Distance to study | Home-study distance (km) |
| Â | Â | Age | Years |
| Â | Â | Ethnicity | Group |
| Â | Â | Sex | M/F |
| Â | Â | Personal income | Personal income before tax ($ band) |
| Â | Â | Employment status | Category (Student/Worker/Seeking work/Looking after home or family/Retired/Other beneficiary) |
| Â | Â | Physical condition | Disabling physical condition in last 7Â days (yes/no) |