The relationship between COVID-19 stress and test anxiety in art students: the chain mediating roles of intolerance of uncertainty and sleep quality

Table 4 Direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 stress on test anxiety via intolerance of uncertainty and sleep quality

Effect Types	Path	Effect	95% CI
			Lower	Upper	Effect size
Direct effect	COVID-19 stress→TA	0.3062	0.25	0.36	60.97%
Indirect effect	COVID-19 Stress→IU→TA	0.1605	0.12	0.20	31.96%
	COVID-19 Stress→SQ→TA	0.0244	0.01	0.04	4.86%
	CS→IU→SQ→TA	0.0112	0.01	0.02	2.23%
Total indirect effect		0.1961	0.15	0.24	39.05%
Total effect		0.5022	0.45	0.56

Notes CS = COVID-19 stress, IU = intolerance of uncertainty, SQ = sleep quality, TA = test anxiety, N = 936, ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001

ISSN: 1471-2458