Prevalence and influencing factors of anemia among pregnant women across first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy in monitoring areas, from 2016 to 2020: a population-based multi-center cohort study

Table 2 Univariate analysis of pregnant women with anemia

Variables	Anemia during pregnancy					Anemia across the entire pregnancy
Variables	Anemia (n)	Non-anemia (n)	Prevalence (%)	\({\chi }^{2}\)	P	Anemia (n)	Non-anemia (n)	Prevalence (%)	\({\chi }^{2}\)	P
Region
Eastern	26527	32721	44.77	447.255	< 0.001	1955	57293	3.3	360.238	< 0.001
Central	8497	14164	37.5			1387	21274	6.12
Western	12207	14235	46.17			933	25509	3.53
Area
South	36959	51232	41.91	545.889	< 0.001	3899	84292	4.42	282.869	< 0.001
North	10272	9888	50.95			376	19784	1.87
Residence
Urban	19372	27282	41.52	142.505	< 0.001	1646	45008	3.53	37.667	< 0.001
Rural	27859	33838	45.15			2629	59068	4.26
Age(years old)
< 18	384	317	54.78	36.596	< 0.001	14	300	4.46	16.709	< 0.001
18 ~ 34	42116	54755	43.48			3758	93500	3.86
≥ 35	4731	6048	43.89			503	10276	4.67
Ethnicity
Han	44723	58708	43.24	114.311	< 0.001	4120	99311	3.98	8.598	0.003
Ethnic minorities	2508	2412	50.98			155	4765	3.15
Education
Primary school and lower	1766	1774	49.89	229.284	< 0.001	147	3393	4.15	161.295	< 0.001
Junior high school	14176	17141	45.27			1462	29855	4.67
Senior high school/technical school	14274	17646	44.72			1417	30503	4.44
College and above	17015	24559	40.93			1249	40325	3.00
Type of residents
Local	45094	58667	43.46	17.159	< 0.001	4080	99681	3.93	1.16	0.282
Non-local	2137	2453	46.56			195	4395	4.25
Gravidity
1	14710	21276	40.88	284.179	< 0.001	1277	34709	3.55	45.829	< 0.001
2	18954	24830	43.29			1690	42094	3.86
≥ 3	13567	15014	47.47			1308	27273	4.58
Parity
0	20586	28234	42.17	73.234	< 0.001	1845	46975	3.78	6.486	0.011
≥ 1	26645	32886	44.76			2430	57101	4.08
Number of fetuses
Singleton	46752	60730	43.5	47.362	< 0.001	4228	103254	3.93	4.948	0.026
Multiple	479	390	55.12			47	822	5.41

ISSN: 1471-2458