Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics and information sources among participants vaccinated and unvaccinated against COVID-19
From: Understanding the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Venezuela
Characteristics | Total (n = 1,930; 100%) | Vaccinated (n = 1,802; 93.4%) | Unvaccinated (n = 128; 6.6%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD), years | 40 (17) | 40 (17) | 42 (16) | 0.118* |
Gender, n (%) | 0.037† | |||
Female | 1,298 (67.3) | 1,223 (67.9) | 75 (58.6) | |
Male | 627 (32.5) | 575 (31.9) | 52 (40.6) | |
Non-binary | 5 (0.3) | 4 (0.2) | 1 (0.8) | |
Marital status, n (%) | 0.074† | |||
Single | 1,013 (52.5) | 957 (53.1) | 56 (43.8) | |
Married | 519 (26.9) | 482 (26.7) | 37 (28.9) | |
Cohabiting (common-law) | 210 (10.9) | 189 (10.5) | 21 (16.4) | |
Divorced | 129 (6.7) | 117 (6.5) | 12 (9.4) | |
Widowed | 59 (3.1) | 57 (3.2) | 2 (1.6) | |
Education level, n (%) | 0.005ठ| |||
Primary school | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0) | |
High school | 388 (20.1) | 363 (20.1) | 25 (19.5) | |
Associate degree | 178 (9.2) | 154 (8.5) | 24 (18.8) | |
University | 1,362 (70.6) | 1,283 (71.2) | 79 (61.7) | |
Occupation, n (%) | < 0.001†|| | |||
Employee | 477 (24.7) | 444 (24.6) | 33 (25.8) | |
Healthcare worker | 470 (24.4) | 454 (25.2) | 16 (12.5) | |
Self-employed | 402 (20.8) | 357 (19.8) | 45 (35.2) | |
Student | 394 (20.4) | 374 (20.8) | 20 (15.6) | |
Retired | 142 (7.4) | 131 (7.3) | 11 (8.6) | |
Unemployed | 45 (2.3) | 42 (2.3) | 3 (2.3) | |
Monthly income, n (%) | 0.524† | |||
≤$100 | 563 (29.2) | 521 (28.9) | 42 (32.8) | |
$101–200 | 427 (22.1) | 396 (22) | 31 (24.2) | |
$201–300 | 253 (13.1) | 236 (13.1) | 17 (13.3) | |
>$300 | 687 (35.6) | 649 (36) | 38 (29.7) | |
Information sources about the COVID-19 vaccine, yes (%) | ||||
Internet (Google information search) | 1,127 (58.4) | 1042 (57.8) | 85 (66.4) | 0.057† |
Advice from healthcare workers | 1,037 (53.7) | 989 (54.9) | 48 (37.5) | < 0.001† |
Journals and/or scientific articles | 819 (42.4) | 770 (42.7) | 49 (38.3) | 0.325† |
611 (31.7) | 569 (31.6) | 42 (32.8) | 0.771† | |
Television | 527 (27.3) | 490 (27.2) | 37 (28.9) | 0.674† |
415 (21.5) | 386 (21.4) | 29 (22.7) | 0.742† | |
Educational lectures | 393 (20.4) | 369 (20.5) | 24 (18.8) | 0.639† |
Advice from family, friends and/or neighbors | 391 (20.3) | 355 (19.7) | 36 (28.1) | 0.022† |
YouTube | 274 (14.2) | 242 (13.4) | 32 (25) | < 0.001† |
Radio | 205 (10.6) | 185 (10.3) | 20 (15.6) | 0.057† |
Newspapers | 149 (7.7) | 130 (7.2) | 19 (14.8) | 0.002† |
144 (7.5) | 130 (7.2) | 14 (10.9) | 0.121† | |
TikTok | 81 (4.2) | 72 (4) | 9 (7) | 0.098† |
Other | 36 (1.9) | 30 (1.7) | 6 (4.7) | 0.015† |