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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study sample at baseline and follow-up (N = 89)

From: Longitudinal association between fitness and metabolic syndrome: a population-based study over 29 years follow-up

 

Baseline

Follow-up

Females

(N = 41)

Males

(N = 48)

Females

(N = 41)

Males

(N = 48)

Age in years; mean (SD)

38.7 (4.5)

41.2 (6.3)

68.3 (4.5)

70.3 (6.0)

BMI; mean (SD)

23.3 (2.9)

25.6 (2.8)

25.1 (3.3)

26.7 (4.0)

Fitness score (z-transformed); mean (SD)

93.9 (5.3)

97.4 (6.4)

79.1 (5.5)

82.5 (10.0)

CR fitness/ endurance (z-transformed); mean (SD)

84.7 (5.7)

97.3 (8.3)

81.6 (4.5)

81.0 (18.4)

Strength (z-transformed); mean (SD)

83.7 (6.2)

98.4 (7.4)

54.5 (7.5)

75.0 (10.5)

Flexibility/ mobility (z-transformed); mean (SD)

106.7 (7.2)

98.0 (9.9)

100.9 (8.5)

93.3 (10.7)

GM coordination (z-transformed); mean (SD)

97.9 (11.5)

96.6 (9.2)

80.0 (9.2)

80.3 (10.7)

MetS score; mean (SD)

N.a.

N.a.

1.9 (1.0)

1.8 (1.1)

Waist circumference in cm; mean (SD)

77.9 (8.5)

91.4 (9.3)

86.4 (8.9)

100.1 (10.8)

Blood glucose in mg/dl; mean (SD)

86.7 (14.6)

95.3 (21.9)

N.a.

N.a.

HDL-Cholesterol in mg/dl; mean (SD)

65.0 (16.7)

59.2 (13.9)

77.2 (19.0)

65.5 (20.5)

Systolic BP in mmHg; mean (SD)

118.3 (11.5)

130.7 (12.4)

149.5 (16.7)

147.0 (18.8)

Diastolic BP in mmHg; mean (SD)

73.3 (8.3)

78.8 (8.1)

85.7 (8.3)

87.9 (9.5)

HbA1c in %; mean (SD)

N.a.

N.a.

5.6 (0.5)

5.6 (0.4)

Triglycerides in mg/dl; mean (SD)

N.a.

N.a.

169.2 (109.2)

141.6 (82.5)

SES score; mean (SD)

2.9 (0.7)

3.1 (0.9)

2.5 (0.9)

2.6 (1.0)

Sports-related PA in min/week; mean (SD)

107.7 (112.9)

113.9 (96.6)

230.5 (205.4)

182.1 (184.6)

General PA in min/ week; mean (SD)

244.6 (179.7)

343.9 (309.7)

416.0 (253.9)

480.1 (333.8)

Smoker; N (%)

14 (34.1)

21 (44.7)

5 (14.3)

17 (37.8)

Impaired SQ; N (%)

6 (14.6)

7 (15.2)

18 (47.4)

15 (31.9)

  1. SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; CR fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness; GM coordination, gross motor coordination; MetS, metabolic syndrome, possible range 0–5; SES, socio-economic status, possible range 1–4; PA, self-reported physical activity; SQ, sleep quality; N.a., data not available