Skip to main content

Table 2 Proportion of correct responses to questions, multiple-choice options, and change from pretest to posttest (N = 980)

From: Impact of the ´Alforja Educativa’ on Ecuadorian schoolchildren’s knowledge of bacteria, antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance, a pretest-posttest study

 

Pretest

Posttest

Change

n

(%)

n

(%)

n

(%)

p-value

Q1. What does “Sumak Kawsay” or “Good Living” mean? Mark with an X what you think is correct:

To have everything you need for life.

786

(80.2)

868

(88.6)

82

(8.4)

< 0.001

To live in harmony between human beings and nature.*

704

(71.8)

810

(82.7)

106

(10.8)

< 0.001

To have a lot of money.

952

(97.1)

957

(97.7)

5

(0.5)

0.4838

I don’t know.

854

(87.1)

912

(93.1)

58

(5.9)

< 0.001

Schoolchildren chose the correct option and no other option(s)

616

(62.9)

776

(79.2)

160

(16.3)

< 0.001

Q2. Mark with an X the drawing that represents what bacteria are like:

Good

902

(92.0)

854

(87.1)

-48

(-4.9)

< 0.001

Good and Bad*

363

(37.0)

840

(85.7)

477

(48.7)

< 0.001

Bad

414

(42.2)

941

(96.0)

527

(53.8)

< 0.001

Schoolchildren chose the correct option and no other option(s)

343

(35.0)

826

(84.3)

483

(49.3)

< 0.001

Q3. Mark with an X the correct answers:

Bacteria produce vitamins.*

62

(6.3)

227

(23.2)

165

(16.8)

< 0.001

Bacteria are important for life.*

136

(13.9)

682

(69.6)

546

(55.7)

< 0.001

Bacteria only serve to make us sick.

220

(22.4)

880

(89.8)

660

(67.3)

< 0.001

I don’t know.

890

(90.8)

899

(91.7)

9

(0.9)

0.4517

Schoolchildren chose the correct options and no other option(s)

19

(1.9)

82

(8.4)

63

(6.4)

< 0.001

Q5. What do you think antibiotic resistance means? Mark with an X the correct answer:

That bacteria are resistant to alcohol.

829

(84.6)

893

(91.1)

64

(6.5)

< 0.001

That bacteria are resistant to soaps.

798

(81.4)

906

(92.4)

108

(11.0)

< 0.001

That bacteria are resistant to antibiotics.*

408

(41.6)

730

(74.5)

322

(32.9)

< 0.001

I don’t know.

724

(73.9)

880

(89.8)

156

(15.9)

< 0.001

Schoolchildren chose the correct option and no other option(s)

367

(37.4)

706

(72.0)

339

(34.6)

< 0.001

Q6. Mark with an X what you consider correct about the use of antibiotics. It is possible to indicate more than one option:

Antibiotics are bought without a prescription.

881

(89.9)

895

(91.3)

14

(1.4)

0.2714

Antibiotics should always be prescribed by the doctor.*

617

(63.0)

671

(68.5)

54

(5.5)

0.0034

Antibiotics are remedies that help you grow.

863

(88.1)

902

(92.0)

39

(4.0)

0.0024

Antibiotics are remedies to cure illnesses caused by bacteria.*

573

(58.5)

309

(31.5)

-264

(-26.9)

< 0.001

You can take antibiotics to treat a cold.

704

(71.8)

856

(87.3)

152

(15.5)

< 0.001

Antibiotics should be taken as prescribed by the doctor.*

491

(50.1)

447

(45.6)

-44

(-4.5)

0.0218

Antibiotics should be stopped as soon as the person feels better.

713

(72.8)

912

(93.1)

199

(20.3)

< 0.001

I don’t know.

836

(85.3)

889

(90.7)

53

(5.4)

< 0.001

Schoolchildren chose the correct options and no other option(s)

115

(11.7)

122

(12.4)

7

(0.7)

0.6197

Q7. What does self-medication mean to you? Mark with an X the correct answer:

It is when we drink chamomile tea.

848

(86.5)

861

(87.9)

13

(1.3)

0.3443

It is when the doctor prescribes us remedies.

668

(68.2)

720

(73.5)

52

(5.3)

0.0026

It is when we take remedies without going to the doctor.*

479

(48.9)

566

(57.8)

87

(8.9)

< 0.001

I don’t know.

875

(89.3)

901

(91.9)

26

(2.7)

0.0303

Schoolchildren chose the correct option and no other option(s)

454

(46.3)

532

(54.3)

78

(8.0)

< 0.001

Q8. What would you do to prevent antibiotic resistance? Mark with an X the correct answer:

Take the antibiotic that a relative advised me.

898

(91.6)

924

(94.3)

26

(2.7)

0.0140

Take the antibiotic I have at home.

919

(93.8)

941

(96.0)

22

(2.2)

0.0164

Consult a doctor and follow his instructions.*

719

(73.4)

751

(76.6)

32

(3.3)

0.0558

Take antibiotics every time I get sick.

836

(85.3)

908

(92.7)

72

(7.3)

< 0.001

I don’t know.

879

(89.7)

898

(91.6)

19

(1.9)

0.1045

Schoolchildren chose the correct option and no other option(s)

619

(63.2)

731

(74.6)

112

(11.4)

< 0.001

  1. Table legend: This table shows the number and proportion of schoolchildren that answered correctly to the individual multiple-choice options of each question, that is, that correctly picked or did not pick a specific option at pretest and posttest, as well as the change from pre- to posttest. In the column Change (%), a positive value indicates an increase in correct answers in relation to the learning objectives of the Alforja, while a negative value indicates a decrease. A p-value below 0.05 was considered significant in this study. For each question, the row “Schoolchildren chose the correct option/s and no other option/s”, shows the number and proportion of schoolchildren that answered the overall questions correctly. Schoolchildren’s responses to the overall questions were considered correct if they had chosen the correct multiple-choice option(s) and no other options. While schoolchildren may have responded correctly to one or more multiple-choice option(s), they may have also picked other option(s) incorrectly, and hence the overall answer is not a sum of the individual multiple-choice options. The option “Other” in Q1, Q5, Q7, and Q8 was omitted from the table as almost no schoolchildren chose this option. Also, Q4 was omitted from analysis as it was not a knowledge-based question
  2. *Correct multiple-choice option(s). Q1, Q2, Q5, Q7 and Q8 had only one correct option, while Q3 and Q6 had multiple correct options
Back to article page

BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

Contact us