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Table 2 Mean PSS scores by year of survey, sex, and FAS, compared using reverse helmert contrasts‡

From: Trends in psychosomatic symptoms among adolescents and the role of lifestyle factors

Year of survey

Psychosomatic symptoms, mean scores, and SE (in bracket)

Total

Boys

Girls

Low FAS

High FAS

2002

2.26 (0.024)

2.02 (0.031)

2.50 (0.033)

2.39 (0.052)

2.22 (0.027)

2006

2.33 (0.021)*

2.08 (0.028)

2.58 (0.030)

2.46 (0.055)

2.31 (0.023)*

2010

2.25 (0.018)

2.00 (0.023)

2.50 (0.026)

2.38 (0.054)

2.23 (0.019)

2014

2.40 (0.016)***

2.10 (0.021)*

2.68 (0.022)***

2.42 (0.037)

2.39 (0.018)***

2018

2.49 (0.021)***

2.20 (0.028)***

2.76 (0.029)***

2.52 (0.052)

2.48 (0.022)***

  1. ***/**/* = p <.001/0.01/0.05, respectively. PSS = Psychosomatic symptoms; SE = Standard error Family Affluence Scale is a composite of four measures of family affluence (family car ownership, own bedroom, family holidays, and family computer ownership) [37], dichotomized in each wave of data using standard deviations (low SES; ≤ -1 SD, high SES; > -1 SD)
  2. Total: F = 23.858, df = 4, P <.001, eta2 = 0.01; Boys: F = 8.157, df = 4, P <.001, eta2 = 0.007; Girls: F = 16.783, df = 4, p <.001, eta2 = 0.014; Low FAS: F = 1.241, df = 4, p =.291, eta2 = 0.003; High FAS: F = 24.911, df = 4, p <.001, eta2 = 0.013
  3. ‡Reverse Helmert Contrast is a statistical technique that compares a value of a variable at given level with the mean of the previous level(s) [48]
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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