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Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the study variables

From: Out-of-pocket expenditures associated with double disease burden in Pakistan: a quantile regression analysis

Variables

Proportion/mean at CI for CDs

Proportion/mean at 95% for NCDs

Proportion/mean at 95% confidence interval for dual disease

Head education

   

No education

0.44[0.436, 0.448]

0.42[0.419, 0.436]

0.43 [0.419, 0.443]

Primary

0.15[0.151, 0.163]

0.15[0.149, 0.161]

0.15[0.147, 0.164]

Secondary

0.27[0.265, 0.278]

0.28[0.274, 0.289]

0.28[0.277,0.299]

Higher secondary

0.12[0.124,0.134]

0.13[0.129, 0.140]

0.12[0.117, 0.132]

Gender-head

   

Male

0.91[0.911, 0.920]

0.91[0.905, 0.914]

0.93[0.92, 0.94]

Female

0.08[0.079, 0.088]

0.08[0.085, 0.094]

0.06[0.061,0.73]

Head’s employment

   

Unemployed

0.16[0.159, 0.170]

0.19[0.192, 0.206]

0.17[0.166, 0.184]

Employed

0.83[0.829, 0.840]

0.80[0.793, 0.807]

0.82[0.815, 0.833]

Head’s marital status

   

Not married

0.087[0.082, 0.091]

0.09[0.087, 0.097]

0.92[0.913, 0.926]

Married

0.91[0.908, 0.917]

0.90[0.902, 0.912]

0.07[0.073,0.086]

Type of healthcare

   

Inpatient

0.06[0.058, 0.067]

0.09[0.087, 0.096]

0.08[0.787, 0.092]

Outpatient

0.93[0.932, 0.941]

0.90[0.903, 0.912]

0.91[0.907, 0.921]

Healthcare-provider

   

Private

0.70[0.698, 0.712]

0.77[0.770, 0.783]

0.80[0.793, 0.812]

Public

0.29[0.287, 0.301]

0.22[0.216, 0.229]

0.19[0.187, 0.206]

Region

   

Rural

0.65[0.646, 0.661]

0.62[0.621, 0.637]

0.64[0.629, 0.652]

Urban

0.34[0.338, 0.353]

0.37[0.362, 0.378]

0.35[0.347, 0.370]

Province

   

Punjab

0.46[0.456, 0.472]

0.47[0.465, 0.481]

0.45[0.440, 0.464]

Sindh

0.290[0.283, 0.297]

0.20[0.201, 0.215]

0.25[0.242, 0.262]

KP

0.14[0.136, 0.146]

0.23[0.228, 0.242]

0.20[0.193, 0.212]

Baluchistan

0.10[0.099, 0.108]

0.08[0.201, 0.087]

0.09[0.085, 0.099]

Head’s age

45[45.09, 45.50]

47[46.7, 47.2]

47.7[46.38, 47.03]

Household size

6.5[6.46, 6.56]

6.6[6.59, 6.70]

6.9[6.87, 7.03]

Older member

3.8[3.71, 3.90]

4.5[4.42, 4.64]

4.5[4.41, 4.73]

  1. Authors calculations, HIES 2018-19/NHA 2017-18