Table 3 Descriptive data for study variables and ANCOVA analyses

Extrinsic Motivations to Care

28.33 (4.26)

26.66 (5.23)

27.99 (4.97)

26.60 (5.31)

27.53 (4.93)

28.74 (4.67)

28.06 (4.68)

879

27.47 (5.04)

2.97

p =.088

Intrinsic Motivations to Care

25.41 (3.88)

24.50 (3.92)

24.97 (4.21)

25.06 (4.70)

23.62 (5.15)

23.85 (3.89)

25.54 (3.59)

879

24.78 (4.28)

3.84

p <.007**

Willingness - nursing care

4.32 (0.85)

3.80 (1.02)

4.44 (0.71)

4.23 (0.96)

3.93 (0.84)

3.39 (0.83)

4.35 (0.74)

879

4.13 (0.92)

15.22

p <.001***

Willingness - emotional care

4.29 (0.79)

4.42 (0.61)

4.38 (0.63)

4.55 (0.68)

4.04 (0.77)

4.29 (0.77)

4.57 (0.59)

879

4.40 (0.69)

6.63

p <.001***

Willingness - instrumental care

4.50 (0.62)

4.34 (0.69)

4.54 (0.58)

4.36 (0.77)

4.23 (0.71)

3.74 (0.65)

4.60 (0.52)

879

4.38 (0.70)

20.52

p <.001***

Willingness - global score

4.35 (0.67)

4.19 (0.67)

4.44 (0.52)

4.39 (0.71)

4.09 (0.65)

3.80 (0.61)

4.50 (0.48)

879

4.29 (0.67)

15.04

p <.001***

Familial interconnectedness (RFS)

27.60 (6.42)

32.57 (6.29)

29.27 (6.92)

27.82 (6.16)

29.33 (5.87)

25.21 (6.72)

29.17 (5.21)

879

28.77 (6.58)

9.85

p <.001***

Extended family support (RFS)

7.08 (3.02)

8.14 (2.54)

6.71 (3.01)

5.92 (2.77)

7.73 (2.95)

4.82 (3.15)

7.15 (2.44)

879

6.77 (2.96)

10.65

p <.001***

Familial obligations (RFS)

7.63 (2.98)

8.23 (3.02)

7.63 (3.19)

6.31 (2.71)

7.37 (3.39)

5.64 2.87)

7.30 (2.70)

879

7.23 (3.08)

7.75

p <.001***

Familism (RFS total score)

42.47 (11.11)

48.80 (10.21)

43.51 (11.32)

39.58 (10.10)

44.78 (10.35)

35.70 (11.22)

43.92 (8.52)

879

42.74 (10.95)

11.52

p <.001***

Self-transcendence (PVQ-21)

1.98 (0.64)

2.2 (0.78)

2.11 (0.73)

2.24 (0.60)

2.12 (0.63)

2.31 (0.72)

2.20 (0.79)

879

2.18 (0.72)

2.72

p =.390

Self-enhancement (PVQ-21)

4.05 (1.12)

3.42 (1.00)

3.65 (1.04)

4.11 (0.98)

4.24 (0.85)

4.43 (0.86)

4.32 (0.89)

879

4.00 (1.03)

8.79

p =.001***

Presence of meaning (MLQ)

24.75 (5.16)

26.30 (5.59)

23.50 (6.68)

24.12 (5.20)

23.65 (7.00)

23.64 (6.71)

22.77 (6.64)

879

23.94 (6.24)

2.87

p =.004**

Search for meaning (MLQ)

23.28 (5.86)

22.36 (7.58)

19.55 (7.56)

20.11 (6.17)

25.44 (5.80)

18.15 (7.44)

17.64 (6.84)

879

20.28 (7.32)

9.30

p =.001***

Illness threat (IPQ score)

52.62 (8.55)

52.87 (8.33)

56.17 (9.48)

56.73 (7.80)

57.79 (9.82)

57.81 (8.17)

59.07 (8.75)

879

56.30 (8.90)

5.58

p <.001***

Wellbeing (WHO-5 score)

44.80 (23.80)

60.73 (21.93)

40.36 (22.71)

52.35 (23.56)

30.72 (22.19)

43.86 (23.86)

42.82 (23.40)

879

46.01 (24.33)

8.58

p <.001***

Caregiver gains (GAINS score)

10.63 (6.66)

10.32 (6.60)

10.81 (6.37)

14.43 (6.25)

11.60 (6.13)

15.32 (6.21)

16.51 (6.57)

879

13.06 (6.77)

15.01

p <.001***

Health quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L utility index)

0.81 (0.16)

0.89 (0.11)

0.71 (0.25)

0.78 (0.19)

0.84 (0.16)

0.83 (0.12)

0.80 (0.16)

879

0.79 (0.19)

6.07

p <.001***

Burden (ZBI score)

22.25 (9.53)

16.68 (8.52)

20.77 (8.88)

18.43 (8.97)

22.86 (9.12)

23.90 (9.52)

22.51 (9.17)

879

20.66 (9.33)

7.04

p <.001***

Depression (CES-D score)

12.13 (6.35)

8.81 (5.63)

12.77 (6.62)

9.78 (5.62)

13.91 (7.51)

12.52 (6.17)

12.61 (6.76)

879

11.64 (6.49)

5.07

p <.001***