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Table 2 Descriptive statistics on the overall analytic sample using weighted proportions (n = 29,809)

From: Unraveling socioeconomic determinants of health-related behavior, reception of information, and perceptions on disease disclosure at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic: did health insurance curb the disparities in the Philippines?

Variable

Insurance ownershipn, n (%wt)

Total

n (%wt)

Unsure/ No health insurance

(n = 7,169)

With Philhealth only

(n = 21,238)

With Philhealth and other insurance

(n = 1,402)

Wealth

Poor

3,899

(53.9)

7,818

(36.8)

562

(23)

11,953

(40)

Nonpoor

3,334

(46.1)

13,427

(63.2)

842

(77)

17,929

(60)

Educational attainment

Below secondary

2,235

(30.9)

5,396

(25.4)

362

(10.6)

7,710

(25.8)

At least secondary

4,998

(69.1)

15,849

(74.6)

1,042

(89.4)

22,172

(74.2)

Regiona

I

1,259

(17.4)

2,422

(11.4)

180

(11)

3,825

(12.8)

II

1,714

(23.7)

4,993

(23.5)

334

(27.8)

7,112

(23.8)

III

1,548

(21.4)

4,823

(22.7)

309

(16.2)

6,574

(22)

IV

2,712

(37.5)

9,008

(42.4)

581

(45.1)

12,371

(41.4)

Sex

Male

1,844

(25.5)

5,248

(24.7)

352

(29.2)

7,500

(25.1)

Female

5,389

(74.5)

15,997

(75.3)

1,052

(70.8)

22,382

(74.9)

Age in years

< 20

386

(5.3)

387

(1.8)

37

(1.5)

786

(2.6)

21 to 30

1,468

(20.3)

2,422

(11.4)

191

(13.5)

4,064

(13.6)

31 to 40

1,461

(20.2)

4,525

(21.3)

300

(27.4)

6,395

(21.4)

41 to 50

1,504

(20.8)

4,610

(21.7)

306

(27.3)

6,514

(21.8)

51 to 60

1,584

(21.9)

3,930

(18.5)

270

(17.5)

5,737

(19.2)

61 and above

825

(11.4)

5,375

(25.3)

299

(12.9)

6,365

(21.3)

Area of residence

Urban

3,660

(50.6)

11,430

(53.8)

751

(61.4)

15,987

(53.5)

Rural

3,573

(49.4)

9,815

(46.2)

653

(38.6)

13,895

(46.5)

Household size

1 to 3

2,966

(41)

8,519

(40.1)

566

(39.8)

12,042

(40.3)

4 to 6

3,392

(46.9)

9,879

(46.5)

656

(48.7)

13,955

(46.7)

7 and above

875

(12.1)

2,847

(13.4)

183

(11.6)

3,885

(13)

Relationship to household head

Self

2,799

(38.7)

9,475

(44.6)

607

(43.9)

12,909

(43.2)

Spouse

3,197

(44.2)

9,581

(45.1)

630

(45)

13,417

(44.9)

Child

817

(11.3)

1,506

(7.1)

114

(8.3)

2,435

(8.2)

Others

415

(5.7)

680

(3.2)

53

(2.8)

1,130

(3.8)

Awareness of COVID-19 programsb

unaware

1,938

(26.8)

5,502

(25.9)

369

(29)

7,859

(26.3)

aware

5,295

(73.2)

15,743

(74.1)

1,035

(71)

22,023

(73.7)

Belief in prevention of COVID-19c

No

574

(7.9)

1,500

(7.1)

101

(5.6)

2,149

(7.2)

Yes

6,662

(92.1)

19,737

(92.9)

1,303

(94.4)

27,730

(92.8)

Use of internet for health reasonsd

No

5,446

(75.3)

14,085

(66.3)

951

(52.8)

20,230

(67.7)

Yes

1,787

(24.7)

7,160

(33.7)

453

(47.2)

9,652

(32.3)

  1. aclassification based on poverty incidence with regions in the first quartile having the highest level of weighted regional poverty incidence in 2021
  2. b defined as awareness of free vaccination and COVID-19 testing and classified as aware or unaware
  3. c defined as one’s belief that COVID-19 can be prevented through vaccination or other social measures
  4. d defined as use of internet for health-related reasons
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