Table 7 Hierarchical linear regression analysis of predictors of physical health (PHQ) score ^{a, b, c, d}

Constant

41.37 (1.59)

< 0.001

48.34 (3.60)

< 0.001

45.31 (3.46)

< 0.001

45.43 (3.58)

< 0.001

Gender (Female)

 Male

-2.36 (1.63)

0.15

-1.64 (1.57)

0.30

-2.85 (1.53)

0.06

-2.69 (1.53)

0.08

Age (18–34)

 35–54

-3.55 (1.99)

0.08

-4.48 (2.1)

< 0.05

-6.08 (1.92)

< 0.01

-5.70 (1.97)

< 0.01

 55+

-10.61 (1.86)

< 0.001

-10.85 (2.07)

< 0.001

-12.19 (1.99)

< 0.001

-11.11 (2.22)

< 0.001

IMD quintile (First)

 Second

-6.89 (3.14)

< 0.05

-5.21 (3.00)

0.08

-5.13 (3.00)

0.09

 Third

-2.11 (2.96)

0.48

-1.41 (2.81)

0.62

-1.10 (2.82)

0.70

 Fourth

-4.74 (3.01)

0.12

-2.90 (2.86)

0.31

-2.83 (2.86)

0.32

 Fifth

-6.04 (2.93)

< 0.05

-5.11 (2.77)

0.07

-4.94 (2.79)

0.08

Higher education (No)

 Yes

-4.33 (1.74)

< 0.05

-4.05 (1.64)

< 0.05

-3.89 (1.65)

< 0.05

Household (Alone)

 With partner

-0.29 (2.04)

0.89

-0.79 (1.95)

0.69

-0.56 (1.97)

0.77

 With family

4.64 (2.36)

0.05

4.62 (2.24)

< 0.05

4.83 (2.24)

< 0.05

 Shared accommodation

-5.57 (4.52)

0.22

-5.39 (4.29)

0.21

-6.42 (4.38)

0.14

Obesity (Not obese)

 Obese

3.65 (1.84)

< 0.05

3.26 (1.89)

0.09

Long-term conditions (No)

 Yes

4.42 (1.35)

< 0.01

4.21 (1.37)

< 0.01

Alcohol consumption

(Low risk)

 Increasing risk

4.47 (1.70)

< 0.01

4.43 (1.73)

< 0.05

Weekly gardening time (0 h)

 1–5 h

4.21 (2.23)

0.06

 6–10 h

1.97 (2.63)

0.45

 11 + hours

2.89 (2.58)

0.26

Food growing (No)

 Yes

-4.32 (2.34)

0.07

R²

0.18

0.29

0.38

0.40

Adjusted R²

0.17

0.25

0.33

0.34