Table 4 Association between leg extension strength and physiological data adjusted for age, body composition, and smoking

Anthropometry

 WC^a, cm

2855

–9.733

< 0.0001

6701

–2.484

< 0.0001

 %BFM, %

2851

–12.951

< 0.0001

6704

–3.846

< 0.0001

 Bone area ratio, %

2858

4.681

< 0.0001

6713

1.572

< 0.0001

Pulmonary function

 VC^b, L

2716

71.791

< 0.0001

6375

43.397

< 0.0001

 FVC^b, L

2708

57.465

< 0.0001

6350

37.576

< 0.0001

 FEV1^b, L

2708

50.820

< 0.0001

6350

38.616

< 0.0001

 FEV1/FVC^b, %

2708

–0.801

0.0957

6350

–0.256

0.2473

Blood pressure

 SBP, mmHg

2857

–0.069

0.7291

6705

–0.775

0.3084

 DBP, mmHg

2857

0.895

0.0019

6705

0.122

0.2940

Pulse rate, beat/min

2857

–1.028

0.0007

6705

–0.461

0.0003

CIMT, mm

2845

–18.792

0.4605

6677

5.352

0.6621

Lipid markers

 TC, mg/dL

2858

0.332

0.0002

6710

0.175

< 0.0001

 Triglycerides, mg/dL

2858

0.042

0.1840

6710

–0.023

0.2465

 HDL-C, mg/dL

2858

0.402

0.0684

6710

0.409

< 0.0001

Glucometabolic markers

 HbA1c, %

2856

–6.626

0.3348

6701

8.550

0.0110

 Glucose, mg/dL

2856

–0.315

0.1233

6701

–0.417

< 0.0001

eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m²

2858

0.870

< 0.0001

6710

0.214

0.0043

Uric acid, mg/dL

2858

5.641

0.0308

6709

2.879

0.0260

Red blood cells count, 10⁴/µL

2858

0.020

0.8124

6708

0.097

0.0099

Hemoglobin, g/dL

2858

3.066

0.2846

6708

3.529

0.0017

Hematocrit, %

2858

0.786

0.4581

6708

1.131

0.0072