Efficacy of a facial-aging web app on sun protection behaviors among primary school students in Iran: a randomized controlled trial

Okati-Aliabad, Hassan; Hosseini, Esmat-Sadat; Sharifabad, Mohammad Ali Morowati; Mohammadi, Mahdi; Ardakani, Mohamad Ebrahimzadeh; Talebrouhi, Amir Hossein

doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18241-2

Table 3 Sun protection behavior

From: Efficacy of a facial-aging web app on sun protection behaviors among primary school students in Iran: a randomized controlled trial

Behavior	Groups	Before Intervention T1	Immediately after intervention T2	Three months After the intervention T3	Repeated Measure ANOVA (p-value)				Repeated Measure ANOVA (p-value)			Independent samples T-test
		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Effects	F	P	ɳ2	Time	Groups		Intervention& Control
		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Effects	F	P	ɳ2	Time	Control	Intervention	T1	T2	T3
Use of Sunscreen (Last Month)	Control Intervention	2.69 ± 1.53	2.78 ± 1.18	2.49 ± 1.38	Time	11.521	0.001	0.068	T1&T2	1.000	0.001	P = 0.983	P = 0.001	P = 0.001
		2.69 ± 1.39	3.71 ± 1.85	3.61 ± 1.21	Group	18.494	0.001	0.105	T1&T3	0.796	0.001
		2.69 ± 1.39	3.71 ± 1.85	3.61 ± 1.21	Time* Group	13.158	0.001	0.077	T2&T3	0.107	0.001
Stay in the shade	Control	3.00 ± 1.67	2.65 ± 1.52	3.18 ± 1.39	Time	1.627	0.202	0.010	T1&T2	0.707	0.001	P = 0.765	P = 0.001	P = 0.257
	Intervention	3.07 ± 1.42	3.69 ± 1.20	3.43 ± 1.29	Group	9.997	0.002	0.060	T1&T3	1.000	0.251
	Intervention	3.07 ± 1.42	3.69 ± 1.20	3.43 ± 1.29	Time* Group	5.686	0.006	0.035	T2&T3	0.004	0.339
Wear a hat	Control	3.37 ± 1.06	3.67 ± 0.95	3.68 ± 1.06	Time	16.375	0.001	0.094	T1&T2	0.188	0.001	P = 0.761	P = 0.026	0.055
	Intervention	3.32 ± 1.35	4.00 ± 0.89	3.98 ± 0.91	Group	1.275	0.121	0.015	T1&T3	0.245	0.001
	Intervention	3.32 ± 1.35	4.00 ± 0.89	3.98 ± 0.91	Time* Group	2.459	0.10	0.015	T2&T3	1.000	1.000
Wear long-sleeved clothing	Control	4.13 ± 1.34	3.72 ± 1.21	3.84 ± 1.25	Time	1.250	0.283	0.008	T1&T2	0.109	1.000	P = 0.299	P = 0.164	P = 0.028
	Intervention	3.91 ± 1.38	4.01 ± 1.40	4.25 ± 1.09	Group	1.275	0.216	0.008	T1&T3	0.408	0.269
	Intervention	3.91 ± 1.38	4.01 ± 1.40	4.25 ± 1.09	Time* Group	3.514	0.042	0.022	T2&T3	0.976	0.154
Wear Sunglasses	Control	3.49 ± 1.11	3.48 ± 1.23	3.34 ± 1.20	Time	6.215	0.004	0.059	T1&T2	1.000	0.001	P = 0.328	P = 0.001	P = 0.001
	Intervention	3.16 ± 1.38	3.93 ± 1.15	3.87 ± 1.20	Group	2.358	0.127	0.015	T1&T3	1.000	0.001
	Intervention	3.16 ± 1.38	3.93 ± 1.15	3.87 ± 1.20	Time* Group	9.113	0.001	0.077	T2&T3	0.502	1.000
Use Sunscreen	Control	2.96 ± 1.25	3.07 ± 1.45	3.30 ± 1.37	Time	3.673	0.033	0.023	T1&T2	1.000	1.000	P = 0.134	P = 0.239	P = 0.193
	Intervention	3.27 ± 1.34	3.33 ± 1.29	3.58 ± 1.30	Group	3.262	0.073	0.020	T1&T3	0.257	0.287
	Intervention	3.27 ± 1.34	3.33 ± 1.29	3.58 ± 1.30	Time* Group	0.023	0.965	0.000	T2&T3	0.232	0.273
Use Sunscreen again after washing	Control	2.11 ± 1.43	2.13 ± 1.38	1.96 ± 1.21	Time	4.540	0.013	0.045	T1&T2	1.000	0006	P = 0.328	P = 0.001	P = 0.001
	Intervention	2.32 ± 1.23	2.86 ± 1.35	3.18 ± 1.24	Group	23.143	0.001	0.128	T1&T3	1.000	0.001
	Intervention	2.32 ± 1.23	2.86 ± 1.35	3.18 ± 1.24	Time* Group	8.260	0.001	0.088	T2&T3	0.563	0.185

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