Fig. 1

Illustration of NL-SH time points and the data utilized at each time point for RQ-2a, 2b. Note. All potential confounders were measured at T2 or T3, except for baseline SRTn, age, and sex, which were measured at T0 or T1. Fall data at T2 and T3 were utilized for analyses. The arrows from the four SRTn’s pointing at the two ΔSRTn’s show how the ΔSRTn’s were created. The remaining arrows depict the associations between the independent, dependent, and potential confounding variables. This figure is adapted from van Leeuwen et al. [54]. RQ research question, NL-SH Netherlands Longitudinal Study on Hearing, ΔSRTn change in speech reception threshold in noise