Variables | Model 1 (Health literacy) | Model 2 (Frailty) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | SE | p-value | β | SE | p-value | ||||||
Age | – 0.073 | 0.014 | < 0.001 | 0.145 | 0.019 | < 0.001 | |||||
Gender | – 0.437 | 0.122 | 0.003 | 0.117 | 0.169 | 0.489 | |||||
Marital status | 0.112 | 0.130 | 0.392 | – 0.165 | 0.166 | 0.320 | |||||
Education | 1.462 | 0.079 | < 0.001 | – 0.036 | 0.102 | 0.726 | |||||
Household income | 0.310 | 0.064 | < 0.001 | – 0.160 | 0.089 | 0.073 | |||||
Smartphone ownership | 0.865 | 0.120 | < 0.001 | – 0.623 | 0.160 | < 0.001 | |||||
Health literacy | - | - | - | – 0.178 | 0.028 | 0.001 | |||||
R2 / McFadden R2 | 0.299 | 0.141 | |||||||||
F / -2 log likelihood | 174.753*** | 1460.223*** | |||||||||
Indirect effect of smartphone ownership on frailty | Effect | Boot SE | Boot LLCI | Boot ULCI | |||||||
Health literacy | – 0.154 | 0.032 | – 0.222 | – 0.096 |