Table 1 Operational definitions

Hypertension

Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or being on anti-hypertensive medications [13]

Diabetes

Single random blood glucose ≥ 11.1mmol/L (200 mg/dl) or being on medications for diabetes mellitus [13]

Overweight

BMI = 25.0-29.9 kg/m² [13]

Obesity

BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² [13]

Tobacco use

Current (smoking) tobacco use as self-reported by the respondent [43]

Alcohol consumption

Current alcohol consumption as self-reported by the respondent

Unhealthy Diet

Consumption of fewer than five portions of fruits and/or vegetables in a day for at least five days in an average week [43]

Insufficient physical inactivity

<75 min of vigorous-intensity or < 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity per week or its equivalent of the combination [43]