Table 4 Natural resources and particulate matter concentration: baseline results

Mineral deposit

0.6349^a

0.6219^a

0.5932^a

0.2583^a

[0.1405]

[0.1406]

[0.1404]

[0.0654]

Petroleum field

0.6886^a

0.5708^a

0.4314^a

0.1349^a

[0.0868]

[0.0769]

[0.0675]

[0.0383]

Latitude

0.0167^a

0.0218^a

0.0063^b

[0.0043]

[0.0041]

[0.0026]

Longitude

0.0204^a

0.0239^a

0.0027

[0.0057]

[0.0050]

[0.0036]

Mean elevation

0.0000

-0.0004^a

-0.0000

[0.0000]

[0.0001]

[0.0001]

Ln(distance to coast)

-0.2106^a

-0.2545^a

-0.1196^a

[0.0255]

[0.0317]

[0.0292]

Temperature

-0.0648^a

-0.0043

[0.0109]

[0.0082]

Precipitation

0.0018

0.0036^a

[0.0022]

[0.0013]

Vegetation

0.0003^a

0.0001^c

[0.0001]

[0.0000]

Night luminosity

2.0503^a

[0.3130]

Observations

12,529

12,428

12,356

12,356

R-squared

0.1468

0.1731

0.1987

0.7205

Country FE

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Clustering var.

Grid Cell

Grid Cell

Grid Cell

Grid Cell