The relationship between nighttime exercise and problematic smartphone use before sleep and associated health issues: a cross-sectional study

Table 3 Correlations among core variables

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
1.Gender	1
2.Age	0.190**	1
3.Education	0.231**	0.664**	1
4.Monthly family income	0.111**	0.027	0.104**	1
5.Exercise frequency	-0.221**	-0.127**	-0.111**	-0.027	1
6.Duration of each exercise	-0.118**	0.158**	0.179**	0.093**	0.208**	1
7.Total weekly exercise hours	-0.222**	0.000	0.017	0.030	0.809**	1.000	1
8.Whether to use the smartphone before sleep	0.012	-0.020	-0.018	0.068*	-0.088**	0.721**	-0.099**	1
9.Duration of smartphone use before sleep	0.072*	0.109**	0.078*	0.048	-0.166**	-0.063	-0.093**	0.190**	1
10.Sleep delay due to smartphone use	0.104**	0.110**	0.116**	0.013	-0.117**	0.050	-0.081*	0.109**	0.267**	1
11.Sleep quality score	0.078*	0.100**	0.105**	0.035	-0.068*	0.012	-0.028	0.064	0.130**	0.198**	1
12.Smartphone addiction	0.117**	0.020	0.042	0.016	-0.165**	0.023	-0.160**	0.055	0.229**	0.226**	0.166**	1
13.Anxiety	0.170**	0.198**	0.239**	0.060	-0.142**	-0.073*	-0.105**	0.036	0.152**	0.182**	0.321**	0.288**	1
14.Depressive	0.113**	0.156**	0.152**	0.012	-0.074*	-0.005	-0.055	0.064	0.205**	0.183**	0.435**	0.329**	0.690^**	1

ISSN: 1471-2458