Fig. 2

Distribution of dependent variables across different subgroups and studies. Note. The violin plots visualize the density distributions of the responses. The diamonds indicate group means and the whiskers represent the bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals. In both studies, presenting any infographic decreased the perceived risk of vaccination (A), while it neither influenced the perceived probability of getting blood clots due to the vaccine (B; only assessed in Study 2) nor the intention to get vaccinated with the AstraZeneca vaccine (C). In Study 2, greater confidence in vaccine safety was related to less perceived risk of vaccination (D) and less perceived probability of blood clots (E), as well as higher intentions to vaccinate (F). In Study 2, a higher subjective numeracy did not influence the perceived risk of vaccination (G), but was related to lower perceived probability of blood clots (H) and greater intentions to vaccinate (I). Numeracy did not generally affect the effect of the infographic’s impact