Table 2 The β (95%CI) of factors to total quality of life from univariable analysis and multivariable analysis

Sleep duration (h)

9953

2.61 (2.24, 2.98)

< 0.001

1.43 (1.03, 1.83)

< 0.001

Age (year)

9953

-0.51 (-0.75, -0.28)

< 0.001

0.44 (0.19, 0.70)

< 0.001

Gender

Male

4966

Reference

Reference

Female

4987

-1.21 (-2.08, -0.34)

0.01

-0.45 (-1.28, 0.38)

0.29

BMI

9953

0.12 (0.01, 0.22)

0.03

0.07 (-0.03, 0.17)

0.17

Family economic status

Lowest

360

Reference

Reference

Lower-Middle

1195

20.82 (18.29, 23.35)

< 0.001

21.77 (19.33, 24.21)

< 0.001

Middle

7634

26.08 (23.80, 28.35)

< 0.001

25.50 (23.31, 27.70)

< 0.001

Upper-Middle

589

31.08 (28.26, 33.90)

< 0.001

28.27 (25.55, 30.99)

< 0.001

Highest

175

17.21 (13.32, 21.09)

< 0.001

15.37 (11.63, 19.10)

< 0.001

Self-reported health status

Excellent

2393

Reference

Reference

Very good

4013

-5.07 (-6.16, -3.99)

< 0.001

-5.53 (-6.60, -4.47)

< 0.001

Good

2100

-10.79 (-12.05, -9.53)

< 0.001

-10.40 (-11.65, -9.15)

< 0.001

Fair

1304

-15.14 (-16.59, -13.69)

< 0.001

-13.68 (-15.13, -12.23)

< 0.001

Poor

143

-23.54 (-27.17, -19.91)

< 0.001

-18.77 (-22.29, -15.25)

< 0.001

Ethnic groups

Han

9878

Reference

Reference

Ethnic minorities

75

4.87 (-0.16, 9.90)

0.06

3.91 (-0.78, 8.61)

0.10

Urban area

Ji’nan

457

Reference

Reference

Dongying

1201

2.52 (0.17, 4.88)

0.04

1.96 (-0.29, 4.21)

0.09

Weifang

717

0.33 (-2.23, 2.90)

0.799

-0.92 (-3.35, 1.51)

0.46

Jining

1578

-3.05 (-5.33, -0.78)

0.01

-2.30 (-4.45, -0.15)

0.04

Weihai

1049

5.22 (2.82, 7.62)

< 0.001

1.79 (-0.53, 4.11)

0.13

Dezhou

1547

-3.10 (-5.38, -0.82)

< 0.01

-3.22 (-5.38, -1.05)

< 0.01

Liaocheng

925

2.23 (-0.22, 4.68)

0.07

1.41 (-0.92, 3.75)

0.24

Linyi

1094

-0.64 (-3.03, 1.74)

0.60

-1.85 (-4.11, 0.41)

0.11

Heze

1385

-7.30 (-9.61, -4.99)

< 0.001

-6.41 (-8.61, -4.21)

< 0.001