Fig. 3

The differences in total quality of life among economic condition, nationalities, self-reported health status, and urban area. (A), family economic status: L (Lowest): The lowest income or socioeconomic class, LM (Lower-Middle): Lower-middle income or socioeconomic class, M (Middle): Middle income or socioeconomic class, UM (Upper-Middle): Upper-middle income or socioeconomic class, H (Highest): The highest income or socioeconomic class; (B), ethnic groups, Han and Ethnic minorities; (C), self-reported health status; (D), urban area, JN1, DY, WF, JN2, WH, DZ, LC, LY, and HZ represent the cities of Ji’nan, Dongying, Weifang, Jining, Weihai, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Linyi, Heze, respectively. ***, p-value is less than 0.001; ****, p-value is less than 0.0001. “a” indicates that there is no statistically significant difference in the results