Table 4 Relationship between sociodemographic, work, clinical variables and COVID-19, with GHQ, DTS, self-reported sleep quality and psychoactive drugs
From: Impact of COVID-19 on mental health of health care workers in Spain: a mix-methods study
| Â | Psychological distress | PTSD symptoms | Self-reported sleep quality | Extra psychoactive drugs consumption | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
With psychological distress N (%) | Without psychological distress N (%) | p value | With PTSD symptoms N (%) | Without PTSD symptoms N (%) | p value | Worse than before N (%) | As usual/ better N (%) | p value | Yes N (%) | No N (%) | p value | |
Sex | ||||||||||||
 Women | 147 (58.1) | 106 (41.9) | 0.03a | 77 (30.4) | 176 (69.6) | 0.04a | 169 (67.1) | 83 (32.9)) | 0.15 | 71 (29.7) | 168 (70.3) | 0.136 |
 Men | 29 (43.9) | 37 (56.1) |  | 12 (18.2) | 54 (81.8) |  | 38 (57.6) | 28 (42.4) |  | 13 (20.3) | 51 (79.7) | |
Age (years) | ||||||||||||
 < 35 | 33 (62.3) | 20 (37.7) | 0.00a | 19 (35.8) | 34 (64.2) | 0.23 | 35 (67.3) | 17 (32.7) | 0.00a | 13 (26.5) | 36 (73.5) | 0.854 |
 35–44 | 56 (70.0) | 24 (30.0) |  | 24 (30.0) | 56 (70.0) |  | 64 (80.0) | 16 (20.0) |  | 18 (24.7) | 55 (75.3) | |
 45–54 | 54 (52.9) | 48 (47.1) |  | 29 (28.4) | 73 (71.6) |  | 60 (58.8) | 42 (41.2) |  | 28 (28.0) | 72 (72.0) | |
 > 55 | 33 (39.3) | 51 (60.7) |  | 17 (20.2) | 67 (79.8) |  | 48 (57.1) | 36 (42.9) |  | 25 (30.9) | 56 (69.1) | |
Live with | ||||||||||||
 Alone | 27 (55.1) | 22 (44.9) | 0.99 | 19 (38.8) | 30 (61.2) | 0.06 | 31 (63.3) | 18 (36.7) | 0.77 | 15 (17.9) | 30 (13.7) | 0.362 |
 With other people | 149 (55.2) | 121 (44.8) |  | 70 (25.9) | 200 (74.1) |  | 176 (65.4) | 93 (34.6) |  | 69 (82.1) | 189 (86.3) | |
Have children | ||||||||||||
 Yes | 107 (51.0) | 103 (49.0) | 0.03a | 49 (23.3) | 161 (76.7) | 0.01a | 133 (63.6) | 76 (36.4) | 0.52 | 56 (27.7) | 146 (72.3) | 0.690 |
 No | 63 (64.3) | 35 (35.7) |  | 36 (36.7) | 62 (63.3) |  | 66 (67.3) | 32 (32.7) |  | 27 (30.0) | 63 (70.0) | |
Professional category | ||||||||||||
 Medical doctor | 34 (38.6) | 54 (61.4) | 0.00a | 16 (18.2) | 72 (81.8) | 0.05a | 51 (58.0) | 37 (42.0) | 0.01a | 23 (27.7) | 60 (72.3) | 0.765 |
 Nurse/midwife | 74 (60.2) | 49 (39.8) |  | 38 (30.9) | 85 (69.1) |  | 84 (68.9) | 38 (31.1) |  | 33 (28.2) | 84 (71.8) | |
 Nursing assistant | 20 (87.0) | 3 (13.0) |  | 10 (43.5) | 13 (56.5) |  | 22 (95.7) | 1 (4.3) |  | 8 (38.1) | 13 (61.9) | |
 Admission staff | 26 (61.9) | 16 (38.1) |  | 15 (35.7) | 27 (64.3) |  | 25 (59.5) | 17 (40.5) |  | 11 (26.8) | 30 (73.2) | |
 Others | 22 (52.1) | 21 (48.8) |  | 10 (23.3) | 33 (76.7) |  | 25 (58.1) | 18 (41.9) |  | 9 (22.0) | 32 (78.0) | |
Workplace | ||||||||||||
 PHC | 95 (48.5) | 101 (51.5) | 0.01a | 52 (26.5) | 144 (73.5) | 0.67 | 123 (63.1) | 72 (36.9) | 0.25 | 53 (28.6) | 132 (71.4) | 0.486 |
 Hospital/ICU | 70 (68.0) | 33 (32.0) |  | 32 (31.1) | 71 (68.9) |  | 73 (70.9) | 30 (29.1) |  | 28 (28.3) | 71 (71.7) | |
 Others | 11 (55.0) | 9 (45.0) |  | 5 (25.0) | 15 (75.0) |  | 11(55.0) | 9 (45.0) |  | 3 (15.8) | 16 (84.2) | |
Work experience | ||||||||||||
 < 5 years | 18 (85.7) | 3 (14.3) | 0.00a | 10 (47.6) | 11 (52.4) | 0.05a | 16 (76.2) | 5 (23.8) | 0.30 | 7 (35.0) | 13 (65.0) | 0.650 |
 6—10 years | 22 (64.2) | 12 (35.3) |  | 12 (35.3) | 22 (64.7) |  | 24 (72.7) | 9 (27.3) |  | 10 (31.3) | 10 (31.3) | |
 > 10 years | 136 (51.5) | 128 (48.5) |  | 67 (25.4) | 197 (74.6) |  | 167 (63.3) | 97 (36.7) |  | 67 (26.7) | 67 (26.7) | |
COVID patients contact | ||||||||||||
 Yes | 117 (60.0) | 78 (40.0) | 0.03a | 64 (32.8) | 131 (67.2) | 0.00a | 137 (70.6) | 57 (29.4) | 0.00a | 55 (29.6) | 131 (70.4) | 0.412 |
 No | 50 (47.2) | 56 (52.8) |  | 19 (17.9) | 87 (82.1) |  | 58 (54.7) | 48 (45.3) |  | 25 (25.0) | 75 (75.0) | |
Increased workload | ||||||||||||
 Yes | 92 (63.0) | 54 (37.0) | 0.01a | 53 (36.3) | 93 (63.7) | 0.00a | 109 (74.7) | 37 (25.3) | 0.00a | 43 (30.7) | 97 (69.3) | 0.281 |
 No | 84 (48.6) | 89 (51.4) |  | 36 (20.8) | 137 (79.2) |  | 98 (57.0) | 74 (43.0) |  | 41 (25.2) | 122 (74.8) | |