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Table 2 Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with fuel type

From: Assessment of the association between health problems and cooking fuel type, and barriers towards clean cooking among rural household people in Bangladesh

Variables

Clean fuel n (%)

Solid fuel n (%)

Unadjusted model

Adjusted model

COR (95% CI)

p-value

AOR (95% CI)

p-value

Age

 18–29 years

108 (8.8%)

188(15.2%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 30–39 years

97 (7.8%)

325 26.2%)

1.94 (1.40–2.70)

 < 0.001

0.84 (0.52–1.36)

0.470

  ≥ 40 years

125 (10.1%)

396 (31.9%)

1.84 (1.35–2.50)

 < 0.001

0.60 (0.34–1.04)

0.070

Gender

 Male

54 (4.4%)

148 (11.9%)

Reference

 

--------------------

 

 Female

277 (22.3%)

761 (61.4%)

1.00 (0.71–1.41)

0.989

  

Education

 Illiterate

25 (2.0%)

136 (11.0%)

13.25 (6.94–25.27)

 < 0.001

8.53 (3.22–22.61)

 < 0.001

 Primary

68 (5.5%)

385 (31.0%)

13.79 (7.96–23.88)

 < 0.001

7.60 (3.33–17.34)

 < 0.001

 Secondary

119 (9.6%)

311 (25.1%)

6.36 (3.75–10.84)

 < 0.001

4.69 (2.19–10.05)

 < 0.001

 Higher secondary

63 (5.1%)

54 (4.4%)

2.09 (1.14–3.83)

 < 0.017

1.42 (0.65–3.14)

0.382

 University or above

56 (4.5%)

23 (1.9%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Marital status

 Married

280 (22.6%)

853 (68.8%)

2.54 (1.26–5.01)

0.009

2.17 (0.86–5.44)

0.099

 Unmarried

36 (2.9%)

38 (3.1%)

0.88 (0.39–2.00)

0.760

1.21 (0.36–4.13)

0.760

 Divorced

15 (1.2%)

18 (1.5%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Family type

 Nuclear family

218 (17.6%)

664 (53.5%)

1.41 (1.07–1.84)

0.014

0.84 (0.57–1.23)

0.367

 Joint family

113 (9.1%)

245 (19.8%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Monthly family Income

 Lower SES

120 (9.7%)

622 (50.2%)

6.39 (4.44–9.21)

 < 0.001

13.27(6.82–25.85)

 < 0.001

 Middle SES

121 (9.8%)

214 (17.3%)

2.18 (1.49–3.19)

 < 0.001

5.25 (2.87–9.60)

 < 0.001

 Higher SES

90 (7.3%)

73 (5.9%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Occupation

 Student

20 (1.6%)

22 (1.8%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Housewife

230 (18.5%)

709 (57.2%)

2.80 (1.50–5.23)

0.001

0.90 (0.31–2.62)

0.853

 Employee

74 (6.0%)

87 (7.0%)

1.07 (0.54–2.11)

0.848

0.74 (0.24–2.21)

0.584

 Others

7 (0.6%)

91 (7.3%)

11.82 (4.44–31.45)

 < 0.001

2.90 (0.78–10.73)

0.112

Divisions/Regions

 Dhaka

39 (3.1%)

312 (25.2%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Chattogram

202 (16.3%)

316 (25.5%)

0.20 (0.13–0.29)

 < 0.001

0.06 (0.04–0.12)

 < 0.001

 Rajshahi

77 (6.2%)

133 (10.7%)

0.22 (0.14–0.33)

 < 0.001

0.10 (0.05–0.20)

 < 0.001

 Mymensingh

13 (1.0%)

148 (11.9%)

1.42 (0.74–2.75)

0.293

1.75 (0.76–4.01)

0.190

Duration of living

  < 2 years

8 (0.6%)

15 (1.2%)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 2–5 years

100 (8.1%)

52 (4.2%)

0.28 (0.11–0.70)

0.006

0.25 (0.07–0.84)

0.024

  > 5 years

223 (18.0%)

842 (67.9%)

2.01 (0.84–4.81)

0.115

1.64 (0.51–5.23)

0.405

  1. COR-Crude odds ratio