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Table 4 Infant mortality rates specific to CCHD by some sociodemographic characteristics, Türkiye, 2018–2021

From: Investigation of infant deaths associated with critical congenital heart diseases; 2018–2021, Türkiye

Variables

Live birth

n

Infant mortality

n

CCHD related infant mortality

n

IMR*

CCHD related IMR*

Gender

     

Male

2,380,005

22,697

2301

95.4a

9.7a

Female

2,259,440

18,783

1782

83.1b

7.9b

Maternal age at birth (years)

     

< 20

199,991

2551

189

127.6a

9.5a

20–34

3,657,162

30,725

2946

84.0b

8.1b

≥ 35

737,521

8089

948

109.7c

12.9c

Maternal education

     

Secondary school and below

2,328,059

25,659

2529

110.2a

10.9a

High school and above

2,182,849

13,570

1453

62.2b

6.7b

Parity

     

Nulliparity

1,679,472

11,803

1051

70.3a

6.3a

Multiparity

2,915,233

28,116

2994

96.4b

10.3b

Number of fetuses in pregnancy

     

Singular

4,469,509

34,558

3852

77.3a

8.6a

Twin/triplet

143,729

5747

215

399.8b

15.0b

Gestational age (w)**

     

≥ 37

1,879,157

6989

1333

37.2a

7.1a

< 37

246,561

12,269

605

497.6b

24.5b

Birth weight (gr)**

     

≥ 2500

1,954,493

7089

1302

36.3a

6.7a

< 2500

171,117

12,116

636

708.1b

37.2b

Mode of delivery **

     

Normal

831,886

5279

612

63.5a

7.4a

Cesarean

1,294,598

13,053

1325

100.8b

10.2b

Regions

     

West

1,683,392

11,975

1417

71.1a

8.4

South

590,105

5090

533

86.3b

9.0

Central

840,496

6562

766

78.1c

9.1

North

234,738

1664

201

70.9a

8.6

East

1,290,714

16,199

1166

125.5d

9.0

  1. *1/10,000 live birth; **For these variables, 2020–2021 live birth numbers in the Birth Notification System and 2020-2021 infant mortality numbers in Death Notification System were used
  2. a,b,c,d Different letters in the same column for variables are statistically significant (p < 0.05)
  3. CCHD: critical congenital heart disease; IMR: Infant mortality rate