Spatial and temporal analysis of HIV clinical outcomes in Florida reveals counties with persistent racial and ethnic disparities during 2012-2019

Table 2 Results of the mixed-effect Bayesian inference-based integrated nested Laplace model showing the association between race/ethnicity, year and HIV clinical outcomes before and after socio-ecological factors were adjusted

	Individual-level variable adjusted		Both individual and socio-ecological factors adjusted
	Odds ratio of immune reconstitution^a	Odds ratio of viral suppression	Odds ratio of immune reconstitution^b	Odds ratio of viral suppression ^b
Race/ethnicity
Black	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Hispanic	1.70 (1.54-1.87)	2.18 (2.07-2.31)	1.66 (1.50-1.83)	2.16 (2.04-2.29)
White	2.34 (2.14 -2.56)	1.95 (1.85-2.05)	2.28 (2.08-2.51)	1.88 (1.78-1.98)
Other/unknown	0.92 (0.77-1.26)	1.37 (1.20-1.57)	0.98 (0.77-1.25)	1.36 (1.19-1.55)
Year
2012	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
2013	1.27 (1.19-1.34)	1.14 (1.09-1.20)	1.28 (1.18-1.39)	1.19 (1.12-1.26)
2014	1.78 (1.69-1.88)	1.93 (1.84-1.20)	1.74 (1.59-1.90)	1.97 (1.84-2.11)
2015	2.31 (2.18-2.44)	2.52 (2.40-2.64)	2.33 (2.14-2.54)	2.61 (2.43-2.79)
2016	2.53 (2.40-2.68)	3.09 (2.95-3.24)	2.50 (2.29-2.74)	3.23 (3.00-3.48)
2017	3.35 (3.17-3.55)	3.64 (3.47-3.81)	3.52 (3.19-3.88)	3.93 (3.63-4.25)
2018	4.20 (3.97-4.45)	4.07 (3.88-4.27)	4.51 (4.05-5.03)	4.65 (4.26-5.08)
2019	5.91 (5.59-6.26)	6.39 (6.07-6.72)	6.61 (5.87-7.43)	7.34 (6.67-8.08)

Findings were derived from Bayesian inference-based integrated nested Laplace approximation. Results are presented as odds ratios and 95% credible intervals
^aModel included race/ethnicity, measurement year, age at diagnosis, years since HIV diagnosis, and transmission risk category
^bModels adjusted for race/ethnicity, measurement year, age at diagnosis, years since HIV diagnosis, and transmission risk category, in addition to the following county-level socio-ecological factors: social economic factors rank, county averaged years of potential life lost, county averaged mentally unhealthy days, low birthweight percentage, percentage of adults reporting binge or heavy drinking, uninsured percentage, ratio of population to primary care physicians, high school graduation rate, and crime rate

ISSN: 1471-2458