Table 1 Characteristics of T2DM patients that related to QoL (n = 392)
Variables | Overall sample n (%) | Quality of Life scores | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | t or F | P value | ||
Sex | Â | Â | -2.051 | 0.041 |
 Male | 229 (58.4) | 60.49 ± 7.35 |  |  |
 Female | 163 (41.6) | 62.04 ± 7.34 |  |  |
Age (years) | Â | Â | 28.966 | <0.001 |
 60–70 | 254 (64.8) | 59.55 ± 6.79 |  |  |
 71–80 | 97 (24.7) | 62.35 ± 6.99 |  |  |
 > 80 | 41 (10.5) | 68.07 ± 7.31 |  |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | -5.495 | <0.001 |
 Married | 313 (79.8) | 60.14 ± 6.98 |  |  |
 Single/divorced/widowed | 79 (20.2) | 65.06 ± 7.61 |  |  |
Living area | Â | Â | 3.704 | <0.001 |
 Rural | 66 (16.8) | 64.15 ± 6.76 |  |  |
 City | 326 (83.2) | 60.52 ± 7.35 |  |  |
Level of education | Â | Â | 37.458 | <0.001 |
 Primary and below | 100 (25.5) | 66.19 ± 6.91 |  |  |
 Junior or senior high school | 249 (63.5) | 59.43 ± 6.69 |  |  |
 College and above | 43 (11.0) | 59.26 ± 6.88 |  |  |
Duration of T2DM (years) | Â | Â | 15.263 | <0.001 |
 < 10 | 147 (37.5) | 58.73 ± 7.03 |  |  |
 10–20 | 183 (46.7) | 62.08 ± 6.88 |  |  |
 > 20 | 62 (15.8) | 64.06 ± 7.97 |  |  |
Other diseases | Â | Â | -0.954 | 0.341 |
 No | 127 (32.4) | 60.62 ± 7.47 |  |  |
 Yes | 265 (67.6) | 61.38 ± 7.33 |  |  |
Complications | Â | Â | 24.893 | <0.001 |
 0 | 142 (36.2) | 57.92 ± 6.67 |  |  |
 1–2 | 230 (58.7) | 62.33 ± 6.70 |  |  |
 3–4 | 18 (4.6) | 69.94 ± 7.74 |  |  |
 ≥ 5 | 2 (0.5) | 72.00 ± 15.56 |  |  |
Type of treatment | Â | Â | 1.466 | 0.223 |
 Dietary control | 10 (2.6) | 59.60 ± 7.14 |  |  |
 Oral | 90 (23.0) | 60.12 ± 7.15 |  |  |
 Insulin | 142 (36.2) | 60.59 ± 6.92 |  |  |
 Oral-insulin | 150 (38.3) | 62.02 ± 7.88 |  |  |
Activities in daily living | Â | Â | 14.024 | <0.001 |
 Mild dependence (61–99) | 380 (96.9) | 60.80 ± 7.17 |  |  |
 Moderate dependence (41–60) | 10 (2.6) | 70.70 ± 5.74 |  |  |
 Heavy dependence (≤ 40) | 2 (0.5) | 76.50 ± 6.36 |  |  |