Table 2 Differences of urinary phenols and paraben concentrations (100 mg/g creatinine) among general population ≥ 20 years of age; NHANES 2007–2016
From: Urinary phenols and parabens exposure in relation to urinary incontinence in the US population
| Â | Stress Urine Incontinence | Urge Urine Incontinence | Mixed Urine Incontinence | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | No | Yes | P value | No | Yes | P value | No | Yes | P value |
Number | 5016 | 984 | Â | 5016 | 904 | Â | 5016 | 786 | Â |
Benzophenone-3 | 3.65 ± 1.14 | 3.94 ± 1.27 |  < 0.001 | 3.65 ± 1.14 | 3.62 ± 1.13 | 0.318 | 3.65 ± 1.14 | 3.83 ± 1.17 |  < 0.001 |
Bisphenol A | 3.16 ± 0.41 | 3.21 ± 0.41 |  < 0.001 | 3.16 ± 0.41 | 3.19 ± 0.41 | 0.029 | 3.16 ± 0.41 | 3.24 ± 0.42 |  < 0.001 |
Triclosan | 4.00 ± 0.89 | 4.08 ± 0.86 | 0.002 | 4.00 ± 0.89 | 3.96 ± 0.87 | 0.187 | 4.00 ± 0.89 | 3.96 ± 0.85 | 0.246 |
Butylparaben | 2.24 ± 0.78 | 2.63 ± 0.88 |  < 0.001 | 2.24 ± 0.78 | 2.25 ± 0.80 | 0.537 | 2.24 ± 0.78 | 2.48 ± 0.86 |  < 0.001 |
Ethylparaben | 3.27 ± 0.79 | 3.56 ± 0.85 |  < 0.001 | 3.27 ± 0.79 | 3.29 ± 0.80 | 0.475 | 3.27 ± 0.79 | 3.46 ± 0.83 |  < 0.001 |
Methylparaben | 4.69 ± 0.77 | 5.02 ± 0.68 |  < 0.001 | 4.69 ± 0.77 | 4.81 ± 0.77 |  < 0.001 | 4.69 ± 0.77 | 4.96 ± 0.73 |  < 0.001 |
Propylparaben | 3.75 ± 0.99 | 4.21 ± 0.91 |  < 0.001 | 3.75 ± 0.99 | 3.86 ± 1.00 | 0.002 | 3.75 ± 0.99 | 4.11 ± 0.95 |  < 0.001 |