Table 3 Analysis of factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the study participants (logistic regression)

Total

1,120

503 (44.9)

Month of inclusion

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 April

72

20 (27.8)

0.49 [0.28–0.88]

0.49 [0.26–0.93]

 May

212

41 (19.3)

0.31 [0.20–0.47]

0.35 [0.23–0.55]

 June

195

44 (22.6)

0.37 [0.24–0.57]

0.42 [0.27–0.65]

 July

230

101 (43.9)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

 October

247

176 (71.3)

3.17 [2.17–4.63]

4.87 [3.21- 7.37]

 November

146

112 (76.7)

4.21 [2.65–6.69]

7.17 [4.28–12.00]

 December

18

9 (50.0)

1.28 [0.49–3.34]

2.56 [0.90–7.23]

Archipelago

 < 0.001

 Society (WIs)

641

398 (62.1)

1 (Ref.)

 Society (LIs)

103

28 (27.2)

0.23 [0.14–0.36]

 Austral

59

14 (23.7)

0.19 [0.10–0.35]

 Marquesas

217

42 (19.4)

0.15 [0.10–0.21]

 Tuamotu

59

10 (17.0)

0.12 [0.06–0.25]

 Gambier

41

11 (26.8)

0.22 [0.11–0.45]

Island

 < 0.001

Society (WIs)

 Tahiti

593

367 (61.9)

1 (Ref.)

 Moorea

48

31 (64.6)

1.12 [0.61–2.08]

Society (LIs)

 Bora Bora

42

16 (38.1)

0.38 [0.20–0.72]

 Huahine

61

12 (19.7)

0.15 [0.08–0.29]

Austral

 Rimatara

19

1 (5.3)

0.03 [0.00–0.26]

 Raivavae

40

13 (32.5)

0.30 [0.15–0.59]

Marquesas

 Nuku Hiva

101

19 (18.8)

0.14 [0.08–0.24]

 Hiva Oa

63

9 (14.3)

0.10 [0.05–0.21]

 Ua Pou

53

14 (26.4)

0.22 [0.12–0.42]

Tuamotu

 Fakarava

32

7 (21.9)

0.17 [0.07–0.41]

 Hao

27

3 (11.1)

0.08 [0.02–0.26]

Gambier

 Mangareva

41

11 (26.8)

0.23 [0.11–0.46]

INSEE classification of municipalities

 < 0.001

 Rural area

709

278 (39.2)

0.53 [0.42–0.68]

 Urban area

411

225 (54.7)

1 (Ref.)

Gender

0.57

0.02

 Male

536

236 (44.0)

0.93 [0.74–1.18]

0.71 [0.53–0.95]

 Female

584

267 (45.7)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

Age range (in years)

0.02

 18–29

337

169 (50.1)

1.22 [0.92–1.64]

 30–44

408

184 (45.1)

1 (Ref.)

 45–69

375

150 (40.0)

0.81 [0.61–1.08]

Socio-cultural background

0.41

 Polynesian

841

385 (45.8)

1 (Ref.)

 Caucasian

53

19 (35.8)

0.66 [0.37–1.18]

 Asian

10

2 (20.0)

0.30 [0.06–1.40]

 Mixed race

200

90 (45.0)

0.97 [0.71–1.32]

 Other

8

4 (50.0)

1.18 [0.29–4.77]

Level of education

0.94

 Primary school (or before)

164

70 (42.7)

0.92 [0.64–1.32]

 Secondary school

276

126 (45.7)

1.03 [0.76–1.40]

 High school (or equivalent)

433

194 (44.8)

1 (Ref.)

 University or after

246

113 (45.9)

1.05 [0.76–1.43]

 Missing data

1

0 (0.0)

0.41 [0.02–10.13]

Marital status^a

0.05

0.01

 Never married

292

112 (38.4)

0.71 [0.54–0.94]

0.64 [0.46–0.89]

 In a relationship

756

353 (46.7)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

 Separated, divorced, widowed

70

37 (52.9)

1.28 [0.78–2.09]

1.69 [0.96–2.97]

 Missing data

2

1 (50.0)

1.14 [0.07–18.32]

0.61 [0.03–11.92]

Professional occupation

 < 0.001

 Government employee

173

63 (36.4)

0.52 [0.35–0.76]

 Private employee (and volunteers)

272

143 (52.6)

1 (Ref.)

 Self-employed

184

62 (33.7)

0.46 [0.31–0.68]

 Student

40

21 (52.5)

1.00 [0.51–1.94]

 No outside activity

451

214 (47.5)

0.81 [0.60–1.10]

Number of people in the household

 < 0.001

 1–2

229

80 (34.9)

0.63 [0.46–0.86]

 3–5

609

281 (46.1)

1 (Ref.)

 6–10

248

119 (48.0)

1.08 [0.80–1.45]

  ≥ 11

34

23 (67.6)

2.44 [1.17–5.09]

Body Mass Index (kg/m²)

0.60

  < 25

222

95 (42.8)

1 (Ref.)

 25–29

290

128 (44.1)

1.06 [0.74–1.50]

  ≥ 30

598

277 (46.3)

1.15 [0.85–1.57]

 Missing data

10

3 (30.0)

0.57 [0.14–2.27]

High blood pressure^b

0.05

 No

714

340 (47.6)

1 (Ref.)

 Yes

405

163 (40.2)

0.74 [0.58–0.95]

 Missing data

1

0 (0.0)

0.37 [0.01–9.03]

Diabetes^c

0.31

 No

1018

464 (45.6)

1 (Ref.)

 Yes

91

34 (37.4)

0.71 [0.46–1.11]

 Missing data

11

5 (45.5)

0.99 [0.30–3.28]

Respiratory allergy^d

0.47

0.03

 Yes

99

41 (41.4)

0.86 [0.57–1.31]

0.54 [0.33–0.89]

 No

1013

457 (45.1)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

 Missing data

8

5 (62.5)

2.03 [0.48–8.53]

2.46 [0.45–13.60]

Asthma^d

0.35

 Yes

212

99 (46.7)

1.08 [0.80–1.46]

 No

904

404 (44.7)

1 (Ref.)

 Missing data

4

0 (0.0)

0.14 [0.01–2.56]

Long-term illness

0.62

 Yes

176

76 (43.2)

0.92 [0.67–1.27]

 No

944

427 (45.2)

1 (Ref.)

History of cancer

0.25

 Yes

32

11 (34.4)

0.64 [0.31–1.33]

 No

1085

492 (45.3)

1 (Ref.)

 Missing data

3

0 (0.0)

0.17 [0.01–3.34]

Level of physical activity^e

0.95

 Limited

347

160 (46.1)

1.05 [0.75–1.46]

 Moderate

240

108 (45.0)

1 (Ref.)

 High

531

234 (44.1)

0.96 [0.71–1.31]

 Missing data

2

1 (50.0)

1.22 [0.08–19.77]

Smoking

0.03

0.04

 Yes

455

187 (41.1)

0.77 [0.61–0.98]

0.74 [0.56–0.98]

 No

665

316 (47.5)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

Preventive measure: Hand hygiene

0.06

 No

135

48 (35.6)

1 (Ref.)

 Yes

984

455 (46.2)

1.55 [1.07–2.25]

 Missing data

1

0 (0.0)

0.60 [0.02–15.05]

Preventive measure: Not shaking hands

0.07

 No

350

140 (40.0)

1 (Ref.)

 Yes

769

363 (47.2)

1.34 [1.04–1.73]

 Missing data

1

0 (0.0)

0.50 [0.02–12.35]

Preventive measure: Coughing into the elbow

0.01

 No

494

197 (39.9)

1 (Ref.)

 Yes

625

306 (49.0)

1.45 [1.14–1.83]

Missing data

1

0 (0.0)

0.50 [0.02–12.39]

Preventive measure: Physical distancing

 < 0.001

 No

309

111 (35.9)

1 (Ref.)

 Yes

810

392 (48.4)

1.67 [1.27–2.19]

 Missing data

1

0 (0.0)

0.59 [0.02–14.69]

Preventive measure: Wearing mask

0.83

 No

83

36 (43.4)

1 (Ref.)

 Yes

1036

467 (45.1)

1.07 [0.68–1.67]

 Missing data

1

0 (0.0)

0.43 [0.02–10.96]

Vaccination status before SARS-CoV-2 infection (if any)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 Not vaccinated

645

325 (50.4)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

 Vaccinated

441

170 (38.5)

0.62 [0.48–0.79]

0.38 [0.28–0.52]

 Missing data

34

8 (23.5)

0.30 [0.14–0.68]

0.82 [0.33–2.06]