Table 1 Study population characteristics by cancer status; NHANES 2011–2018. Numbers that do not add up to 100% are attributed to missing data
From: Exposure to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) increases the risk of cancer
Cancer status | P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | (%) | Total | (%) | ||
Population | 5578 | 569 | 9.3% | 6147 | 100% | |
Gender | < 0.001 | |||||
Male | 2650 | 276 | 9.4% | 2926 | 47.6% | |
Female | 2928 | 293 | 9.1% | 3221 | 52.4% | |
Urine Creatinine (mg/dl) | 117.9 ± 69.6 | 105.5 ± 61.3 | 0.011 | |||
AGE (years) | < 0.001 | |||||
20–35 | 1540 | 17 | 1.1% | 1557 | 25.3% | |
36–50 | 1473 | 50 | 3.3% | 1523 | 24.8% | |
51–64 | 1400 | 138 | 9.0% | 1538 | 25.0% | |
64–80 | 1165 | 364 | 23.8% | 1529 | 24.9% | |
BMI (kg/m2) | < 0.001 | |||||
≥ 30.0 | 2142 | 225 | 9.5% | 2367 | 38.5% | |
25.0–29.9 | 1846 | 186 | 9.2% | 2032 | 33.1% | |
18.5–24.9 | 1484 | 145 | 8.9% | 1629 | 26.5% | |
< 18.5 | 106 | 13 | 10.9% | 119 | 1.9% | |
Race/ethnicity | < 0.001 | |||||
Mexican American | 786 | 38 | 4.6% | 824 | 13.4% | |
Other Hispanic | 586 | 46 | 7.3% | 632 | 10.3% | |
Non-Hispanic White | 2008 | 362 | 15.3% | 2370 | 38.6% | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 1227 | 81 | 6.2% | 1308 | 21.3% | |
Other Race | 971 | 42 | 4.1% | 1013 | 16.5% | |
Education | 0.094 | |||||
Less than high school | 1266 | 97 | 7.1% | 1363 | 22.2% | |
High School Grad/GED or Equivalent | 1210 | 133 | 9.9% | 1343 | 21.8% | |
More than high school | 3096 | 337 | 9.8% | 3433 | 55.8% | |
Marital Status | < 0.001 | |||||
Married | 2850 | 322 | 10.2% | 3172 | 51.6% | |
Single | 2248 | 226 | 9.1% | 2474 | 40.2% | |
Living with a partner | 480 | 20 | 4.0% | 500 | 8.1% | |
Poverty ratio | < 0.001 | |||||
< 1.0 | 1099 | 80 | 6.8% | 1179 | 19.2% | |
≥ 1.1 | 3921 | 435 | 10.0% | 4356 | 70.9% | |
Hypertension Status | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 1930 | 333 | 14.7% | 2263 | 36.8% | |
No | 3642 | 234 | 6.0% | 3876 | 63.1% | |
Diabetes Status | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 703 | 127 | 15.3% | 830 | 13.5% | |
No | 4725 | 426 | 8.3% | 5151 | 83.8% | |
Coronary Heart Disease Status | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 184 | 51 | 21.7% | 235 | 3.8% | |
No | 5383 | 516 | 8.7% | 5899 | 96.0% | |
Smoke at Least 100 Cigarettes in Life | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 2254 | 306 | 12.0% | 2560 | 41.6% | |
No | 3319 | 263 | 7.3% | 3582 | 58.3% | |
Alcohol | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 39 | 1 | 2.5% | 40 | 0.7% | |
No | 5500 | 548 | 9.1% | 6048 | 98.4% | |
∑DEHP Quartiles | 0.015 | |||||
Lowest Quartile | 1428 | 104 | 6.8% | 1532 | 24.9% | |
Second Quartile | 1400 | 142 | 9.2% | 1542 | 25.1% | |
Third Quartile | 1383 | 167 | 10.8% | 1550 | 25.2% | |
Highest Quartile | 1367 | 156 | 10.2% | 1523 | 24.8% |