Table 5 Adjusted associations between five heavy metals and HBsAg

Pb (µg/dL)

 Q1

ref.

ref.

ref.

 Q2

3.25 (1.47, 7.18) 0.0035**

2.40 (1.07, 5.41) 0.0344*

2.37 (1.04, 5.39) 0.0400*

 Q3

4.58 (2.13, 9.85) 0.0001**

2.70 (1.20, 6.10) 0.0167*

2.34 (1.01, 5.40) 0.0471*

 Q4

3.79 (1.74, 8.27) 0.0008**

2.32 (1.00, 5.41) 0.0506

2.01 (0.84, 4.81) 0.1182

Cd (µg/L)

 Q1

ref.

ref.

ref.

 Q2

1.29 (0.64, 2.63) 0.4753

0.92 (0.45, 1.90) 0.8268

0.88 (0.42, 1.83) 0.7325

 Q3

2.07 (1.08, 3.98) 0.0292*

1.08 (0.54, 2.15) 0.8342

1.02 (0.49, 2.12) 0.9573

 Q4

2.92 (1.56, 5.47) 0.0008**

1.42 (0.72, 2.80) 0.3112

1.32 (0.60, 2.88) 0.4848

Hg (µg/L)

 Q1

ref.

ref.

ref.

 Q2

1.75 (0.70, 4.40) 0.2318

1.70 (0.67, 4.29) 0.2601

1.64 (0.65, 4.16) 0.2964

 Q3

2.93 (1.24, 6.91) 0.0140*

2.17 (0.92, 5.16) 0.0785

2.24 (0.94, 5.38) 0.0696

 Q4

8.81 (4.02, 19.29) < 0.0001**

3.31 (1.45, 7.53) 0.0044**

3.03 (1.31, 7.04) 0.0097**

Se (µg/L)

 Q1

ref.

ref.

ref.

 Q2

0.85 (0.52, 1.40) 0.5273

0.77 (0.46, 1.28) 0.3106

0.72 (0.43, 1.22) 0.2254

 Q3

0.50 (0.28, 0.89) 0.0189*

0.45 (0.25, 0.82) 0.0085**

0.43 (0.23, 0.79) 0.0068**

 Q4

0.67 (0.40, 1.15) 0.1449

0.51 (0.30, 0.89) 0.0172*

0.46 (0.26, 0.82) 0.0078**

Mn (µg/L)

 Q1

ref.

ref.

ref.

 Q2

1.74 (0.83, 3.68) 0.1431

1.68 (0.79, 3.60) 0.1802

1.70 (0.79, 3.67) 0.1729

 Q3

1.91 (0.92, 3.97) 0.0829

1.45 (0.67, 3.14) 0.3461

1.42 (0.65, 3.11) 0.3781

 Q4

4.80 (2.50, 9.23) < 0.0001**

2.68 (1.28, 5.59) 0.0086**

2.52 (1.20, 5.28) 0.0149*