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Table 1 Characteristics of females and males at age 6-9, at age 9-11, and age 15-17 years

From: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between the 24-hour movement behaviours, including muscle and bone strengthening activity, with bone and lean mass from childhood to adolescence

 

Age 6 to 9 years

Age 9 to 11 years

Age 15 to 17 years

Females

Males

p value for group difference

Females

Males

p value for group difference

Females

Males

p value for group difference

Mean/Median (SD/IQR)

Mean/Median (SD/IQR)

 

Mean/Median (SD/IQR)

Mean/Median (SD/IQR)

 

Mean/Median (SD/IQR)

Mean/Median (SD/IQR)

 

Age (years)

7.62 (0.38)

7.66 (0.4)

0.24

9.73 (0.43)

9.80 (0.43)

0.079

15.73 (0.40)

15.85 (0.45)

0.036

Stature (cm)

127.88 (5.65)

129.66 (5.6)

0.001

140.06 (6.44)

141.32 (6.1)

0.051

166.18 (5.61)

176.51 (7.39)

<0.001

Weight (kg)

26.54 (5.08)

27.32 (5.01)

0.089

33.85 (7.36)

35.23 (7.49)

0.070

57.79 (8.72)

65.13 (13.23)

<0.001

BMI-SDS

-0.17 (1.05)

-0.18 (1.1)

0.94

-0.14 (1.01)

-0.09 (1.1)

0.64

0.02 (0.85)

-0.16 (1.07)

0.18

Pubertal Status

 % (cases) Tanner stage 1

96.5 (221)

98.8 (246)

0.13

65.0 (128)

86.6 (162)

<0.001

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.003

 % (cases) Tanner stage 2

3.5 (8)

1.2 (3)

 

35.0 (69)

13.4 (25)

 

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

 % (cases) Tanner stage 3

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

3.9 (4)

13.5 (16)

 

 % (cases) Tanner stage 4

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

53.4 (55)

61.3 (73)

 

 % (cases) Tanner stage 5

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

42.7 (44)

25.2 (30)

 

IOTF Definition

 % (cases) thin

9.2 (21)

10.8 (27)

0.50

9.6 (19)

10.2 (19)

0.81

6.8 (7)

11.8 (14)

0.29

 % (cases) normal weight

76 (174)

77.1 (192)

 

74.6 (147)

70.6 (132)

 

82.5 (85)

75.6 (90)

 

 % (cases) overweight

10.9 (25)

7.2 (18)

 

12.7 (25)

15 (28)

 

6.8 (7)

10.9 (13)

 

 % (cases) obese

3.9 (9)

4.8 (12)

 

3 (6)

4.3 (8)

 

3.9 (4)

1.7 (2)

 

 TBLH BMC (kg)

0.66 (0.14)

0.69 (0.14)

0.010

0.91 (0.21)

0.97 (0.21)

0.011

1.91 (0.27)

2.27 (0.45)

<0.001

 TBLH lean mass (kg)

16.87 (1.99)

18.69 (2.13)

<0.001

20.83 (2.79)

22.93 (2.80)

<0.001

35.13 (3.83)

47.58 (6.82)

<0.001

 TBLH fat mass (kg)

4.90 (3.67 to 7.25)

3.56 (2.38 to 5.85)

<0.001

7 (5.06 to 11.18)

6.48 (3.77 to 10.85)

0.014

15.55 (12.14 to 17.99)

8.18 (5.85 to 13.67)

<0.001

  1. For continuous variables, values are mean/median and standard deviation/interquartile range, and p-values from independent samples t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests to test for the sex difference. For categorical variables, values are % (n), with Fisher’s exact p-values to test for the sex difference.
  2. At age 6 to 9 years, n = 478 (229 females, 249 males). At age 9 to 11 years, n = 384 (197 females, 187 males). At age 15 to 17 years, n = 222 (103 females, 119 males).
  3. BMC Bone mineral content, BMI Body mass index, IOTF International Obesity Task Force, IQR Interquartile range, SD Standard deviation, SDS Standard deviation score, TBLH Total body less head
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