Table 1 Association of background information, alcohol and substance use in adolescence and subsequent educational attainment

All

7760 (100.0)

34 (0.4)

439 (5.7)

3721 (48.0)

3566 (46.0)

Deceased or immigrated (% of all)

391 (5.0)

7 (20.6)

57 (13.0)

156 (4.2)

171 (4.8)

Sex***

7760 (100.0)

Male

3865 (49.8)

19 (0.5)

312 (8.1)

2126 (55.0)

1408 (36.4)

Female

3895 (50.2)

15 (0.4)

127 (3.3)

1595 (40.9)

2158 (55.4)

Family type***

6591 (84.9)

Two parents

5091 (77.2)

23 (0.5)

213 (4.2)

2256 (44.3)

2599 (51.1)

One parent or other

1500 (22.8)

3 (0.2)

116 (7.7)

811 (54.1)

570 (38.0)

Maternal education***

6559 (84.5)

≥ 12 years

2126 (32.4)

5 (0.2)

58 (2.7)

700 (32.9)

1363 (64.1)

< 12 years

4433 (67.6)

22 (0.5)

270 (6.1)

2355 (53.1)

1786 (40.3)

Paternal education***

6262 (80.7)

≥ 12 years

1184 (18.9)

4 (0.3)

35 (3.0)

346 (29.2)

799 (67.5)

< 12 years

5078 (81.1)

22 (0.4)

268 (5.3)

2554 (50.3)

2234 (44.0)

Parental psychiatric disorder***

7760 (100.0)

No

4824 (62.2)

19 (0.4)

211 (4.4)

2219 (46.0)

2375 (49.2)

Yes

2936 (37.8)

15 (5.1)

228 (7.8)

1502 (51.2)

1191 (40.1)

Behavioural/emotional problems at age 7/8***

7140 (92.1)

No (Rutter < 9)

6183 (86.6)

17 (0.3)

271 (4.4)

2833 (45.8)

3062 (49.5)

Yes (Rutter ≥ 9)

957 (13.4)

8 (0.8)

124 (13.0)

570 (59.6)

255 (26.6)

Age at first drink***

6631 (85.5)

No alcohol use until age 15/16

1423 (21.5)

11 (0.7)

51 (3.6)

608 (42.7)

753 (52.9)

> 14 years

538 (8.1)

3 (0.6)

22 (4.1)

237 (44.1)

276 (51.3)

≤ 14 years

4670 (70.4)

4 (0.1)

247 (5.3)

2252 (48.2)

2167 (46.4)

Age at first intoxication***

6565 (84.6)

No alcohol use / intoxication until age 15/16

2165 (33.0)

13 (0.6)

76 (3.5)

909 (42.0)

1167 (53.9)

> 14 years

1085 (16.5)

2 (0.2)

45 (4.1)

502 (46.3)

536 (49.4)

≤ 14 years

3315 (50.5)

3 (0.1)

196 (5.9)

1654 (49.9)

1462 (44.1)

Frequency of alcohol intoxication¹***

6462 (83.3)

0 times

3861 (59.7)

13 (0.3)

151 (3.9)

1662 (43.0)

2035 (52.7)

1–2 times

1967 (30.4)

2 (0.1)

99 (5.0)

954 (48.5)

912 (46.4)

≥ 3 times

634 (9.8)

2 (0.3)

63 (9.9)

384 (60.6)

185 (29.2)

Alcohol tolerance²***

6615 (85.2)

No alcohol use / intoxication until age 15/16

2119 (32.0)

13 (0.6)

75 (3.5)

890 (42.0)

1141 (53.8)

< 9 (males) / <7 (females)

3733 (56.4)

5 (0.1)

161 (4.3)

1717 (46.0)

1850 (49.6)

≥ 9 (males) / ≥7 (females)

763 (11.5)

0 (0.0)

83 (10.9)

482 (63.2)

198 (26.0)

Daily smoking at age 15/16***

6955 (89.6)

No

6019 (86.5)

21 (0.3)

259 (4.3)

2615 (43.4)

3124 (51.9)

Yes

936 (13.5)

1 (0.1)

98 (10.5)

630 (67.3)

207 (22.1)

Lifetime cannabis use³

6586 (84.9)

No cannabis use until age 15/16

6209 (94.3)

18 (0.3)

278 (4.5)

2890 (46.5)

3023 (48.7)

1–4 times

311 (4.7)

0 (0.0)

29 (9.3)

154 (49.5)

128 (41.2)

≥ 5 times

66 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

12 (18.2)

37 (56.1)

17 (25.8)

Lifetime other illicit substance use³

6627 (85.4)

No other illicit substance use until age 15/16

5912 (89.2)

18 (0.3)

272 (4.6)

2702 (45.7)

2920 (49.4)

Yes

715 (10.8)

0 (0.0)

49 (6.9)

394 (55.1)

272 (38.0)

Any psychiatric diagnosis by 2018

7760 (100.0)

No

5882 (75.8)

29 (0.5)

252 (4.3)

2735 (46.5)

2866 (48.7)

Yes

1878 (24.2)

5 (0.3)

187 (10.0)

986 (52.5)

700 (37.3)