Table 4 Overall prevalence of COPD by age category and smoking status

40–49 years

18,287

4.37 (2.76–6.33)

96.46

P < 0.0001

50–59 years

16 362

9.54 (6.70-12.82)

97.21

P < 0.0001

60–69 years

11,920

15.84 (11.85–20.29)

97.04

P < 0.0001

70 years and older

5923

24.03 (20.04–28.26)

91.60

P < 0.0001

Smoking status

Never smokers

55,903

8,154 (5.569–11.180)

98.59

P < 0.001

Former smokers

11,484

18,385 (12.035–25.731)

98.42

P < 0.001

Currently smokers

26,370

21.512 (16.394–27.118)

97.93

P < 0.0001

LLN criteria

Age group

Total number of participants

Prevalence of COPD % (95% CI)

I² (%)

p value

40–49 years

2715

5.22 (2.34–9.17)

93.02

P < 0.0001

50–59 years

2173

6.61 (2.05–13.51)

96.39

P < 0.0001

60–69 years

1478

14.29 (12.54–16.17)

78.95

0.0002

70 years and older

852

14.23 (11.96–16.75)

79.49

0.0002

Smoking status

Never smokers

69,308

3.778 (0.369–10.526)

99.81

P < 0.001

Former smokers

42,159

7.550 (2.989–13.962)

99.46

P < 0.001

Currently smokers

7575

11.135 (5.019–19.271)

98.14

P < 0.001