Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample (N = 152,421)

Socio-demographics^a

 Age (mean(SD))

53.7

(12.8)

 Female (%)

52.1

 Education (%)

   Primary education

1.7

   Secondary education

36.9

   Academic education

53.1

   Unknown

8.3

 Migration background (%)

14.1

 Unemployed (%)

2.0

Altered working condition (%)^b

   Working hours reduction

17.1

   Working hours increase

7.3

   Remote work

28.1

   Dismissal from the job

0.0

Health

 Self-rated health (mean(SD))^b,c

3.5

(0.8)

 Perceived changes in self-reported health  (mean(SD))^{b, c}

0.0

(0.0)

 Anxiety (mean(SD))^a,d

3.1

(3.1)

 Depression (mean(SD))^a,d

3.8

(3.6)

 Δ Depression (mean(SD))^a,b

0.3

(3.5)

Social factors

 Living with children (%)^b

10.6

 Living alone (%)^b

18.0

 Loneliness  (mean(SD))^b

1.9

(1.6)

 Member of a sports club (%)^a

40.4

Physical activity

 Physical activity (minutes/ day)  (mean(SD))^a

14.8

(20.8)