Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants

Age, median (IQR)

35 (26, 48)

42 (35, 50)

32 (24, 46)

< 0.001

16–24, N (%)

647 (16)

42 (4)

599 (22)

25–34, N (%)

1 131 (28)

202(17)

921 (33)

35–44, N (%)

905 (23)

416 (35)

485 (18)

45–54, N (%)

620 (16)

316 (26)

303 (11)

55–68, N (%)

678 (17)

320 (18)

456 (16)

Sex

< 0.001

Female, N (%)

2 547 (64)

879 (73)

1 657 (60)

Education level^#

< 0.001

Non-formal, N (%)

467 (12)

181 (15)

286 (10)

Primary, N (%)

836 (21)

373 (31)

461 (17)

Secondary, N (%)

2 075 (52)

568 (48)

1 497 (54)

Higher than secondary

N (%)

585(15)

67(6)

509(19)

Cigarette smoking

Yes, N (%)

534 (13)

163 (14)

368 (13)

0.800

Blood Pressure, mmHg

Systolic, median (IQR)

119 (109, 130)

117 (108, 128)

119 (109,130)

0.011

Diastolic, median (IQR)

80 (72, 88)

79.5 (72, 88)

80 (72, 88)

0.659

Waist-to-Hip Ratio

Female, Median (IQR)

0.84 (0.79, 0.91)

0.85 (0.80,0.92)

0.84 (0.78, 0.91)

0.006

Male, Median (IQR)

0.86 (0.81, 0.93)

0.88 (0.83,0.95)

0.85 (0.81, 0.93)

0.009

Currently prescribed antihypertensive medication

Yes, N (%)

350 (9)

112 (9)

237 (9)

0.428

No, N (%)

3 631 (91)

1 084 (91)

2 527 (91)

Median CD4 count, cells/ul, (IQR)

N/A

542.5 (402,730)

N/A

N/A

ART status

On ART, N (%)

N/A

1 110 (93)

N/A

N/A

ART-naïve, N (%)

N/A

70 (6)

N/A

N/A

ART defaulter, N (%)

N/A

16 (1)

N/A

N/A