Table 2 Risk of bias summary (Cochrane Statistical Methods Group and the Cochrane Bias Methods Group)
Author | Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Blinding of Participants and personnel (performance bias | Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) (patient-reported outcomes | Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) (Mortality) | Incomplete outcome data addressed (attrition bias) (Short-term outcomes (2–6 weeks) | Incomplete outcome data addressed (attrition bias) (Longer-term outcomes (> 6 weeks) | Selective reporting (reporting bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balami et al. (2021) [21] | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Adeniji et.al. (2023) [22] | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Deribew et al. (2010) [23] | + | + | + | ? | ? | ? | ? | + |
Elmosaad, Y. M., et.al. (2016) [19] | + | + | + | - | ? | - | - | ? |
Melo et al. (2018) [24] | + | + | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | + |
Amoran et al. (2012) [25] | + | _ | _ | _ | ? | _ | + | + |
Kumar et al. (2020) [26] | + | + | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | + |
Ahmadi et al. (2012) [27] | + | ? | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ |
Okeibunor et al. (2011) [28] | + | ? | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | + |
Ahmed et al. (2011) [29] | + | ? | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | + |
Rhee et al. (2011) | + | ? | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ | + |