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Table 3 Logistic regression estimates for the association between experience of racism ‘ever’ (at T1) and increased likelihood (at T2) of unmet need for healthcare in the last 12 months and negative experience

From: The impact of racism on subsequent healthcare use and experiences for adult New Zealanders: a prospective cohort study

 

Categorical models

Ordinal models

HSU variable

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Unmet need (yes)

    

Unmet need for any healthcare (n = 1996)

1.71

(1.31, 2.23)

  

Unmet need for mental health care* (n = 1938)

1.36

(1.02, 1.79)

  

Unmet need for GP

Categorical (yes/no) (n = 1926)

Ordinal (frequency of unmet need) (n = 1923)

1.53

(1.18, 1.99)

1.54

(1.18, 2.00)

Experience of healthcare

(negative)

    

Satisfaction with usual medical centre (n = 1755)

1.41

(1.10, 1.81)

1.37

(1.14, 1.63)

Doctor explaining health conditions and treatments (n = 1494)

1.35

(0.99, 1.84)

1.44

(1.17, 1.76)

Doctor involving patient in decision making about their care (n = 1465)

1.60

(1.22, 2.09)

1.51

(1.24, 1.84)

Treated with respect and dignity (n = 1516)

1.14

(0.77, 1.70)

1.36

(1.09, 1.70)

Confidence and trust in GP (n = 1523)

1.62

(1.29, 2.04)

1.60

(1.27, 2.01)

  1. Note: all models adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, nativity, education, employment, NZDep2013, nativity x ethnicity. Unmet need models are also adjusted for underlying health (self-rated health, except unmet need for mental health care* which is adjusted for K10)