Table 1 Demographic information, sedentary, eating habits, and the effect on dietary diversity and depression (N=118723)
Variables | N (%) | Dietary Diversity | χ2 | P | Depressive symptoms | χ2 | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1-5 (3.0%) | 6-7 (25.1%) | 8-9 (71.9%) | No (68.5%) | Yes (31.5%) | ||||||
Gender | 266.18 | <0.001 | 264.79 | <0.001 | ||||||
Male | 77838 (65.6) | 2105 (2.7) | 18596 (23.9) | 57137 (73.4) | 54548 (70.1) | 23290 (29.9) | ||||
Female | 40885 (34.4) | 1430 (3.5) | 112337 (27.5) | 28218 (69.0) | 26764 (65.5) | 14121 (34.5) | ||||
Age, y | 58.03 | <0.001 | 1271.99 | <0.001 | ||||||
≤24 | 3220 (2.8) | 114 (3.5) | 904 (28.1) | 2202 (68.4) | 1922 (59.7) | 1298 (40.3) | ||||
25-44 | 65306 (55.0) | 2037 (3.1) | 16605 (25.4) | 46664 (71.5) | 42232 (64.7) | 23074 (35.3) | ||||
45-64 | 45717 (38.5) | 1253 (2.7) | 11140 (24.4) | 33324 (72.9) | 33800 (73.9) | 11917 (26.1) | ||||
≥65 | 4480 (3.7) | 131 (2.9) | 1184 (26.4) | 3165 (70.6) | 3358 (75.0) | 1122 (26.1) | ||||
Marriage | 64.72 | <0.001 | 428.29 | <0.001 | ||||||
Unmarried | 13211 (11.1) | 510 (3.9) | 3503 (26.5) | 9198 (69.6) | 8021 (60.7) | 5190 (39.3) | ||||
Married | 103416 (87.1) | 2973 (2.9) | 25773 (24.9) | 74670 (72.2) | 71908 (69.5) | 31508 (30.5) | ||||
Divorced or widowed | 2096 (1.8) | 52 (2.5) | 557 (26.6) | 1487 (70.9) | 1383 (66.0) | 713 (34.0) | ||||
BMI, kg/m2 | 192.55 | <0.001 | 237.03 | <0.001 | ||||||
< 18.5 | 4342 (3.6) | 198 (4.6) | 1292 (29.8) | 2852 (65.7) | 2716 (62.6) | 1625 (37.4) | ||||
18.5-23.9 | 58134 (49.0) | 1856 (3.2) | 15034 (25.9) | 41244 (70.9) | 38943 (67.0) | 19191 (33.0) | ||||
24-27.9 | 45580 (38.4) | 1198 (2.6) | 10960 (24.0) | 33422 (73.3) | 32111 (70.4) | 13469 (29.6) | ||||
≥28 | 10667 (9.0) | 283 (2.7) | 2547 (23.9) | 7837 (73.5) | 7542 (70.7) | 3125 (29.3) | ||||
Physical activity | 2502.53 | <0.001 | 1715.03 | <0.001 | ||||||
None | 41114 (34.6) | 2032 (4.9) | 13006 (31.6) | 26076 (63.4) | 25004 (60.8) | 16110 (39.2) | ||||
Yes | 77609 (65.4) | 1503 (1.9) | 16827 (21.7) | 59279 (76.4) | 56308 (72.6) | 21301 (27.4) | ||||
Sedentary | 381.60 | <0.001 | 1089.56 | <0.001 | ||||||
< 2 hours | 29118 (24.5) | 995 (3.4) | 7450 (25.6) | 20673 (71.0) | 21307 (73.2) | 7811 (26.8) | ||||
2-4 hours | 49809 (42.0) | 1183 (2.4) | 11623 (23.3) | 37003 (74.3) | 34836 (69.9) | 14973 (30.1) | ||||
4-6 hours | 24125 (20.3) | 765 (3.2) | 6192 (25.7) | 17168 (71.2) | 15956 (66.1) | 8169 (33.9) | ||||
>6 hours | 15671 (13.2) | 592 (3.8) | 4568 (29.1) | 10511 (67.1) | 9213 (58.8) | 6458 (41.2) | ||||
Eating three meals on time | 876.75 | <0.001 | 3531.03 | <0.001 | ||||||
Yes | 81968 (69.0) | 2187 (2.7) | 19500 (23.8) | 60281 (73.5) | 60412 (73.7) | 21556 (26.3) | ||||
Basically | 31116 (26.2) | 970 (3.1) | 8284 (26.6) | 21862 (70.3) | 18144 (58.3) | 12972 (41.7) | ||||
No | 5639 (4.8) | 378 (6.7) | 2049 (36.3) | 3212 (57.0) | 2756 (48.9) | 2883 (51.1) | ||||
Midnight snacks | 239.05 | <0.001 | 2136.64 | <0.001 | ||||||
No | 69011 (58.1) | 2153 (3.1) | 17539 (25.4) | 49319 (71.5) | 50821 (73.6) | 18190 (26.4) | ||||
Occasionally | 45744 (38.5) | 1186 (2.6) | 11017 (24.1) | 33541 (73.3) | 28350 (62.0) | 17394 (38.0) | ||||
Often | 3968 (3.4) | 196 (4.9) | 1277 (32.2) | 2495 (62.9) | 2141 (54.0) | 1827 (46.0) | ||||
Overeating | 325.79 | <0.001 | 1210.80 | <0.001 | ||||||
Yes | 7627 (6.4) | 449 (5.9) | 2199 (28.8) | 4979 (65.3) | 3858 (50.6) | 3769 (49.4) | ||||
No | 111096 (93.6) | 3086 (2.8) | 27634 (24.9) | 80376 (72.3) | 77454 (69.7) | 33642 (30.3) | ||||
Social engagement | 119.17 | <0.001 | 199.97 | <0.001 | ||||||
No or 1-2 times/month | 87383 (73.6) | 2757 (3.2) | 22388 (25.6) | 62238 (71.2) | 60796 (69.6) | 26587 (30.4) | ||||
1-2 times/week | 26110 (22.0) | 613 (2.3) | 6079 (23.3) | 19418 (74.4) | 17227 (66.0) | 8883 (34.0) | ||||
Timesweek | 5230 (4.4) | 165 (3.2) | 1366 (26.1) | 3699 (70.7) | 3289 (62.9) | 1941 (37.1) | ||||
Coffee | 1049.08 | <0.001 | 133.06 | <0.001 | ||||||
No | 79946 (67.3) | 2872 (3.6) | 21844 (27.3) | 55230 (69.1) | 55620 (69.6) | 24326 (30.4) | ||||
Yes | 38777 (32.7) | 663 (1.7) | 7989 (20.6) | 30125 (77.7) | 25692 (66.3) | 13085 (33.7) | ||||
Sugary drinks | 504.57 | <0.001 | 1564.19 | <0.001 | ||||||
No | 57522 (48.5) | 2127 (3.7) | 15643 (27.2) | 39752 (69.1) | 42560 (74.0) | 14962 (26.0) | ||||
Yes | 61201 (51.5) | 1405 (2.3) | 14190 (23.2) | 45603 (74.5) | 38752 (63.3) | 22449 (36.0) | ||||
Smoking | 25.46 | <0.001 | 8.94 | 0.003 | ||||||
No | 61743 (52.0) | 1940 (3.1) | 15848 (25.7) | 43955 (71.2) | 39264 (68.9) | 17716 (31.1) | ||||
Yes | 56980 (48.0) | 1595 (2.8) | 13985 (24.5) | 41400 (72.7) | 42048 (68.1) | 19695 (31.9) | ||||
Alcohol | 448.78 | <0.001 | 31.403 | <0.001 | ||||||
No | 66067 (55.6) | 2342 (3.5) | 17742 (26.9) | 45983 (69.6) | 44814 (67.8) | 21253 (32.2) | ||||
Moderate | 35450 (29.9) | 781 (2.2) | 8110 (22.9) | 26559 (74.9) | 24634 (69.5) | 10816 (30.5) | ||||
Excessive | 17206 (14.5) | 412 (2.4) | 3981 (23.1) | 12813 (74.5) | 11864 (69.0) | 5342 (31.0) | ||||