Table 1 Specific intervention strategies to improve oral health behavior in student
Theme | Method | Strategy | Target variable | T | E | P | Participation of student |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Session 1. Introducing students to Structure of Teeth and periodontal | displaying film | “Tooth Structure” | Increasing knowledge | 1 m | PI | S | |
“Periodontal Structure” | Increasing knowledge | 1 m | |||||
playing games | Dividing students into groups of five, giving colored paper, scissors, colored yarn and liquid glue to groups Students repeatedly looks at different parts of the film and made the replica | Self-Evaluative Outcome -Physical Outcome | 60 m | PI | S | Making replica tooth structure and periodontal | |
Telegram group | Uploaded educational movie for this session Parents are encouraged to buy toothbrushes, fluoride-containing toothpaste and toothpaste for their child Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Situational Perception - Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | PI M | H | Study and review the material at home with the mother | ||
Session 2. Introducing students to Stages of tooth decay | Displaying films | Tooth decay and its stages | Increasing knowledge | 2 m | PI | S | |
Playing games | Dividing students into groups of five, giving colored paper, scissors, colored yarn and liquid glue to groups Students repeatedly looks at different parts of the film and made the replica | Self-Evaluative Outcome -Physical Outcome | 60 m | Making replica Stages of tooth decay | |||
Pamphlet | “tooth decay “ | Self-Evaluative Outcome -Physical Outcome | |||||
Installing posters in class | “tooth decay “ | ||||||
Telegram group | Uploaded movie, pamphlets and educational posters presented at the session Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Situational Perception - Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | PI M | H | Study and review the material at home with the mother | ||
Session 3. Introducing students to Stages of periodontal disease | Displaying films | periodontal disease and its stages | Increasing knowledge | 2 m | PI | S | |
Playing games | Dividing students into groups of five, giving colored paper, scissors, colored yarn and liquid glue to groups Students repeatedly looks at different parts of the film and made the replica | - Self-Evaluative Outcome -Physical Outcome | 60 m | Making replica Stages of periodontal disease | |||
Pamphlet | periodontal | Self-Evaluative Outcome -Physical Outcome | |||||
Installing posters in class | periodontal disease | ||||||
Telegram group | Uploaded movie, pamphlets and educational posters presented at the session Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Situational Perception - Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | Study and review the material at home with the mother | ||||
Session 4. Introducing students to dental plaque | Displaying films | Causes of tooth decay and periodontal disease | Increasing knowledge | 1 m | PI | S | Discuss and discuss with each other |
Group discussion | Discussion about the causes of dental plaque formation and how it causes gum bleeding with the poster of gum disease and dental caries | - Self-Evaluative Outcome - Social Outcome | 30 m | ||||
Telegram group | Uploaded movie, pamphlets and educational posters presented at the session Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Situational Perception - Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | PI M | H | Study and review the material at home with the mother | ||
Session 5. Introducing students to ways to prevent dental caries (The proper brushing technique) | Displaying films | - “How to brush and use fluoride-containing toothpaste correctly” | Increasing knowledge | 2 m | PI | S | |
Demonstration | - Distribution of toothbrush and toothpaste containing fluoride - educational movie screening step by step and brushing with it - Verbal persuasion - Examination how each students brush by each other - Examination how to brush each student by researcher and correcting problems | - Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Intention & Behavior | 30 m | brushing with fluoride toothpaste | |||
Installing posters in class | “How to brush” | Increasing knowledge | |||||
Telegram group | Upload video and educational pamphlets presented at this meeting Encourage students to brush twice a day Encourage students to upload their own photos while brushing in group Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | PI M | H | Study and review the material at home with the mother -uploded picture | ||
Session 6. Introducing students to ways to prevent dental caries (The proper brushing technique) | Demonstration | - Broadcasted a poem that covered all the objectives of the study in class - Brushing students with music - Examination how to brush each student by researcher and correcting problems | Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Intention & Behavior | 30 m | PI M | S H | |
Session 7. Introducing students to ways to prevent dental caries (The proper flossing technique) | Displaying films | - Screening of the two-minute educational movie”How to Use Tooth Floss” | Increasing knowledge | 2 m | PI | S | Tooth flossing |
Demonstration | - Distribution of dental floss and toothpaste containing fluoride - educational movie screening step by step and flossing with it - Verbal persuasion - Examination how each students floss by each other - Examination how to floss each student by researcher and correcting problems | Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Intention & Behavior | 30 m | ||||
Installing posters in class | “How to floss teeth” | Increasing knowledge | |||||
Telegram group | Upload video and educational pamphlets presented at this meeting Encourage students to brush twice a day Encourage students to upload their own photos while brushing in group Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception -Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | PI M | H | Study and review the material at home with the mother -uploded picture | ||
Session 8. Introducing students to ways to prevent dental caries (The proper flossing technique) | Demonstration | - Broadcasted a poem that covered all the objectives of the study in class - flossing students with music - Examination how to floss each student by researcher and correcting problems | - Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Intention &Behavior | 30 minute | PI | S | Tooth flossing |
Pamphlet | “How to have healthy and beautiful teeth” Explain the necessity of flossing once a day | - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Intention | |||||
Installing posters in class | “A few health tips” | - Intention | |||||
Telegram group | Upload video and educational pamphlets presented at this meeting Encourage students to brush twice a day Encourage students to upload their own photos while brushing in group Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | PI M | H | Study and review the material at home with the mother -uploded picture | ||
Session 9. Introducing students to ways to prevent dental caries | Demonstration | - Playing poetry and brushing and flossing students with poetry and correcting their problems | - Self Efficacy | 30 m | PI | S | Brushing, flossing in class, Role playing |
Role Playing | - Divide students into groups of 5 or 6, and write group exercises together on dental caries and dental caries diseases and ways to prevent dental caries. | - Self-Evaluative Outcome -Physical Outcome - Social Outcome -Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Intention &Behavior | 60 m | ||||
Telegram group | Upload video and educational pamphlets presented at this meeting Encourage students to brush twice a day Encourage students to upload their own photos while brushing in group Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | PI M | H | Study and review the material at home with the mother -uploded picture | ||
Session 10. Introducing students to ways to prevent dental caries | Demonstration | - Playing poetry and brushing and flossing students with poetry and correcting their problems | -Self Efficacy | 30 m | PI | S | Brushing, flossing in class, Role playing |
Role Playing | -Role Playing - Students commented on the strengths and weaknesses of the plays and discussed the topics discussed in the plays and their drawbacks. | - Self-Evaluative Outcome -Physical Outcome - Social Outcome -Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Intention &Behavior | 60 m | ||||
Telegram group | Encourage students to brush twice a day Uploading student performance videos Upload video and educational pamphlets presented at this meeting Encourage students to upload their own photos while brushing in group Encouraging mothers to monitor their child’s toothbrushing and flossing and encouraging them to behave Encouraging teachers to encourage students to brush and floss | - Self Efficacy - Self Efficacy In Overcoming Impediments - Situational Perception - Emotional Coping - family& school Environment | PI M | H | Study and review the material at home with the mother -uploded picture |