Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of the participants

Individual characteristics

 Symptoms of anxiety and depression

  None

30.8%

22,999

30.6%

4,552

20.1%

898

26.4%

3,787

  Mild

39.3%

29,423

40.0%

5,949

39.5%

1,762

37.7%

5,394

  Moderate

16.8%

12,578

17.3%

2,569

21.0%

940

19.7%

2,826

  Severe

12.4%

9,274

11.5%

1,705

17.9%

798

15.1%

2,160

  Missing

0.6%

456

0.7%

97

1.4%

63

1.1%

159

 Age groups

(chi2(2) = 3.8exp03, p = 0.000)

  Young adults (18–24)

27.37%

20,450

35.59%

5293

37.46%

1,671

35.31%

5,059.00

  Adults (25–34)

37.68%

28,161

38.01%

5653

38.31%

1,709

39.17%

5,612.00

  Older adults (35 +)

34.83%

26,029

26.22%

3900

23.74%

1,059

25.18%

3,607.00

  Missing

0.12%

90

0.17%

26

0.49%

22

0.34%

48

 Education

(chi2(2) = 458.80, p = 0.000)

  From none to primary education

2.6%

1926

3.6%

541

7.4%

330

6.4%

909

  Secondary education

24.2%

18,053

30.3%

4,508

37.7%

1,680

31.1%

4,460

  Post-secondary or University degree

72.9%

54,504

65.6%

9,754

52.6%

2,345

61.2%

8,773

  Missing

0.3%

247

0.46%

69

2.4%

106

1.2%

184

Social and economic inequalities

 Subjective socioeconomic status

(chi2(2) = 266.74, p = 0.000)

  Lower tercile

24.7%

18,467

27.4%

4,067

36.0%

1,606

31.4%

4,504

  Middle tercile

38.8%

28,991

38.1%

5,667

35.8%

1,597

34.5%

4,947

  Higher tercile

35.8%

26,784

33.6

4,990

25.0%

1,116

32.3%

4,623

  Missing

0.65%

488

1.0%

148

1.8%

142

1.8%

252

HIV

 HIV status

(chi2(3) = 2.0exp + 03, p = 0.000)

  Negative

54.6%

40,769

50.3%

7,480

45.3%

2,020

42.3%

6,063

  Positive

10.9%

8,161

5.7%

853

8.1%

363

8.4%

1,202

  I don't know

17.0%

12,771

22.8%

3,391

22.4%

1,001

22.0%

3,149

  I don't want to answer

3.2%

2,400

4.0%

593

5.5%

246

5.7%

814

  Missing

14.2%

10,629

17.1%

2,555

18.6%

831

21.6%

3,098

Stigma and discrimination

 Homophobic reactions

(chi2(1) = 6.7843, p = 0.009)

  No

28.5%

21,303

37.7%

5,605

23.6%

1,046

31.6%

4,509

  Yes

71.4%

53,367

62.3%

9,247

76.3%

3,373

68.4%

9,757

  Missing

0.08%

60

0.13%

20

0.94%

42

0.42%

60

 Homophobia at the workplace

(chi2(1) = 0.7730, p = 0.379)

  No

82.8%

61,910

82.3%

12,241

65.1%

2,906

76.9%

11,023

  Yes

13.1%

9,823

11.4%

1,695

24.1%

1,079

18.6%

2,670

  Missing

4%

2,997

6.3%

936

10.7%

476

4%

633

 S&D in healthcare

(chi2(1) = 44.7508, p = 0.000)

  No

94.6%

70,668

93%

13,830

84.6%

3,776

89.2%

12,773

  Yes

5.4%

4,062

7%

1,042

15.3%

685

10.8%

1,553

  Missing

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Perceived social support

 Family

(chi2(4) = 292.79, p = 0.000)

  Strongly disagree

10.1%

7,605

11.8%

1,755

18.5%

826

12.4%

1,774

  Disagree

16.1%

12,089

16.4%

2,445

19.0%

847

15.0%

2,158

  Don't know

18.6%

13,877

25.8%

3,840

21.9%

978

21.7%

3,111

  Agree

30.3%

22,618

27.7%

4,122

23.8%

1,060

27.4%

3,925

  Strongly agree

24.6%

18,377

18.0%

2,675

15.7%

702

22.9%

3,287

  Missing

0.2%

164

0.2%

35

1.0%

48

0.5%

71

 Friend

(chi2(4) = 157.05, p = 0.000)

  Strongly disagree

5.4%

4,090

6.9%

1,018

10.1%

451

7.1%

1,012

  Disagree

10.9%

8,168

11.8%

1,752

14.4%

643

12.7%

1,824

  Don't know

10.1%

7,529

15.3%

2,268

17.6%

785

16.9%

2,421

  Agree

37.4%

27,958

37.1%

5,516

33.0%

1,473

34.4%

4,933

  Strongly agree

35.9%

26,850

28.8%

4,283

23.8%

1,063

28.4%

4,071

  Missing

0.2%

135

0.2%

35

1.0%

46

0.5%

65